Osmosis Clicker Questions

Salmon face different osmoregulatory challenges in these two environments. Due to the difference in osmotic concentration between the the salmon cells and salmon’s aqueous environment, in open oceans, water _______ the salmon’s body, whereas in rivers, water _______ the salmon’s body via osmosis.

leaves; enters

To solve the problem of losing water due to osmosis in the open ocean, you expect salmon to produce ____.

A little bit of highly concentrated urine

What type of nitrogenous waste is most toxic?

Ammonia

When salmon enters freshwater to breed, it needs to pee a lot to get rid of the water that is seeping into its blood via the exposed gills. Salmon kidneys are organized much the same way as mammalian kidneys are. In which kidney structure is the salmon blood filtered to remove the water?

Bowman’s capsule

The Bowman’s capsules are located in the ___ of the kidney.

cortex

Select all: Which components of the nephron are located in the medulla?

• Collecting duct

• Loop of Henle

(the lower parts of the nephron)

Epithelial cells lining the proximal and distal tubules must actively pump NaCl out of the urine, rather than rely on passive transport to reabsorb NaCl. Why?

There’s more NaCl inside the epithelial cells than in the urine.

Select all that apply: Where in the nephron is water permeability tightly controlled?

• Ascending loop of Henle

• Collecting duct

The collecting duct of the nephron takes urine to the ___.

ureter

The process of adjusting urine concentration in response to changing salinity is
an example of________; the ability of salmon to change their urine
concentration is an example of _______.

acclimation; adaptation