Scaling and Polishing

Abrasion

wearing away of a material from friction

Abrasive

particles hard enough to cause scratches in softer material

grit

particle size in abrasive abrasive agents

polishing

smooth and glossy surface from friction

burnish

removing the outer layer and leaving smooth deposits behind

MOHS hardness scale

measurement of mineral hardness and resistance to getting scratched

D1110

prophylaxis adult, preventative

D1120

prophylaxis child, preventative 

D4346

scaling in the presence of generalized mod/severe inflammation

D4355

full mouth debridement to enable a comp eval on subsequent visit

D4341

4+ teeth involved in the quadrant for scaling/root planning

D4342

1-3 teeth involved in the quadrant for scaling/root planning

D4910

periodontal maintenance

Instruments needed

instruments, gauze, A/W syringe, suction: slow speed:light mod liquids

instruments to use on supra calc

scalers and uni instruments

instruments to use on sub calculus

graceys and universal instruments

instruments to used for anterior and posterior

simple and complex shank

Rigid instruments are good for:

withstanding greater pressure for removal of tenacious calculus because its stronger

extended shank instruments are used for

removing deposits that are 5+mm subgingival

How many mm of cutting edge should contact the tooth

last 1-2mm

cutting edge must be what angle to the tooth surface to remove stain/calculus

70 degrees

What instruments naturally have a 70 degree tilt?

graceys

What instruments need to be angled 70 degrees?

uni/scalers

How many degrees should instruments be when entering gingiva sub?

0 degrees, then 70 degrees

When angled at 70 degrees, terminal shank on the gracey will be:

parallel to tooth

angled at 70 degrees, the shank will be:

tilted towards the tooth

What two things must be equal pressure

fulcrum and lateral pressure

stain removal requires:

Polish: abrasive and coarse

biofilm removal requires:

cleaning agents

MOHS hardness value of composites

2.0-3.0

MOHS hardness value of cementum

2.5-3.0

MOHS hardness value of amalgam

3.0

MOHS hardness value of gold

3.0

MOHS hardness value of dentin

3.0-4.0

MOHS hardness value of enamel:

5.0

MOHS hardness value of procelain:

6.0-7.0

polishing can increase sensitivity because it removes:

the fluoride rich outer enamel layer and smear layer on exposed dentin

should polishing agents be used on restoration and implants?

no

cleaning agent properties

round, non-abrasive particles; produce high luster; use anywhere on any surface

two methods of polishing

-two bodied: tooth + rubber cup impregnated with abrasive particles (no paste)

-three-bodies: tooth + rubber cup + polishing paste

common abrasive agents: silex-silicon dioxide

very abrasive 9.5

common abrasive agents: superfine pumice or pumic flour

common prophy paste 6-7

common abrasive agents: calcium carbonate

less abrasive than pumicel more compatible with tooth 3

common abrasive agents: tin oxide

metallic restoration 1.2

common abrasive agents: emery

not for use on enamel, wears edges of composite restorations 7-9

common abrasive agents: rouge-iron oxide

golds in lab, not intraoral 6

common abrasive agents: diamond particles

porcelain only 10

enhancing polishing paste: fluoride prophy paste has how many ppm of the fl2 ion

4,000-20,000ppm

enhanced polishing paste: amorphous calcium phosphate

aids in remineralization

enhanced polishing paste: fluoride, calcium and phosphate

aids in remineralization

enhanced polishing paste: dentin hypersensitivity

arigine, calcium, bicarbonate/carbonate-helps to occlude dentin tubules