American Revolution Ch. 6

Review of Ch. 6 from AMERICA: History of our nation

Lexington and Concord

First battles of the Revolutionary War

Philadelphia

American capital that was occupied by the British

Loyalist

Person who supported the British during the war

enslaved African Americans

had a difficult choice to fight for the British with the promise of freedom or fight for the Patriot cause

ratify

to approve

King George III

King of England during the Revolution

Battle of Long Island

British victory here allowed the British to take control of New York City

Marquis de Lafayette

French soldier who volunteered for the Continental Army

Battle of Saratoga

Turning Point of the War

France

became America's ally after Saratoga

mercenaries

hired soldiers

Battle of Bunker Hill

First major battle of the war that showed both sides were willing to fight

Nathanael Greene and Daniel Morgan

Helped to turn the tide of the war in the South in favor of the Patriots

Treaty of Paris

marked the end of the war and recognized the United States of America

Battle of Yorktown

Last major battle of the war; won with the help of the French navy

Molly Pitcher

took her husband's place in battle firing cannons

guerilla warfare

hit and run tactics that helped the Americans to defeat the British

siege

to surround and blockade an enemy

Battle of Cowpens

Morgan used clever tactics to win this key Patriot victory in the South

John Paul Jones

American hero who won the British Serapis

blockade

The British set this up to stop the Americans from bringing goods and supplies in and out of the country

privateer

a privately owned merchant ship outfitted with guns

Battle of Trenton

Washington won this surprise attack that boosted spirits early on Dec. 26th after crossing the icy Delaware River

Valley Forge

Washington and his men spent a harsh winter plagued with disease here but the army emerged better trained and more hopeful

Benedict Arnold

Was first a hero for the Patriots but then committed treason against America

women

often followed the troops caring for the wounded, bringing food and supplies, sometimes disguised as men to fight, and served as spies

Baron von Steuben

Helped to train the Continental Army at Valley Forge

Deborah Sampson

Disguised as a man to fight for the Continental Army in the Revolution

George Washington

Commander of the Continental Army for the entire Revolutionary War

French Fleet

Helped the Americans trap the British at Yorktown

ratify

to approve a government document

George Rogers Clark

Virginia militia leader who helped strengthen the American position in the West

James Armistead

African American Patriot who spied for the Americans during the American Revolution.

Hessians

German mercenaries hired by the British to fight the Revolutionary War

Richard Henry Lee

Introduced the Virginia resolution to Congress. It proclaimed that the United Colonies should be free and independent states.