AP CHEM UNIT 1- atomic structure & properties

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19 Terms

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Finding significant figures for multiplication and division, you must

round your answer to the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the least sig figs

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Finding significant figures for addition and subtraction

you must pick and round too the measurement with the least amount of decimal points

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Law of Constant Proportions

a chemical substance will maintain its mass in proportions

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Molar Mass

The comprising efforts of a compounds atomic weight on a larger scale

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(mass)/(molar mass)

moles

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moles x molar mass

mass

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Mass Spectrometry is used to

calculate the average mass of one element that has multiple isotopes

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Emprical formula

The simplest ratioed measurement of the amount of atoms in a chemical formula

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Molecular Formula

The actual amount of atoms in elements in a given compound

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How too calculate the Empirical Formula

1) convert % of of substance into grams

2) convert grams too moles using molar mass

3) Divide all moles by the smallest value (too ratio out formula)

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How too calculate the Molecular Formula

1) calculate EFM

2) molar mass/ molar mass of EFM (each compound)

3) multiply every subscript of the EFM by n (what you multiply)

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amu

(mass of isotope) x (relative abundance of isotope) / 100

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units for atomic mass

amu

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units for molar mass

g/mol

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grams → moles

grams x ( 1 mol/ atomic mass)

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moles → molecules

moles x (6.022×1023 ) / 1 mol

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