Copper Extraction Methods and Air Pollution Effects (CHEM)

What is the chemical reaction for extracting copper from copper oxide using carbon?

Copper oxide + carbon → carbon dioxide + copper.

What are the two alternative methods for extracting copper from low-grade ores?

Bioleaching and Phytomining.

How much copper is typically found in 1 tonne of copper ore?

6-10 kg.

What is phytomining?

burning plants that absorb copper compounds; the ash is rich in copper.

What is bioleaching?

uses bacteria to react with insoluble copper compounds to create a solution containing soluble copper compounds.

What is the general property of metal oxides in water?

alkaline.

What color does the universal indicator turn when a metal oxide is dissolved in water?

Blue.

What is the property of non-metal oxides in water?

acidic.

What color does the universal indicator turn when a non-metal oxide is dissolved in water?

Red/orange.

What is a displacement reaction?

A more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one from its salt solution.

What happens when iron reacts with copper sulfate?

Iron displaces copper(because its more reactive) , forming iron sulfate and copper.

What are native metals?

metals that exist in their elemental form, such as gold and silver.

How are copper, lead, tin, and iron typically extracted from their compounds?

By reacting them with carbon in a displacement reaction.

What is the reactivity series of metals from most reactive to least reactive?

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Carbon, Zinc, Iron, Tin, Lead, Hydrogen, Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum.

What causes acid rain and human respiratory issues?

Nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2) react with oxygen at high temperatures.

What are the environmental effects of carbon dioxide?

contributes to global warming and climate change

What is carbon monoxide and why is it dangerous?

formed by incomplete combustion and is toxic when inhaled.

What is sulfur dioxide and its environmental impact?

causes acid rain and can damage buildings.

What are soot particles and their effects?

formed by carbon in fuels during incomplete combustion and can cause respiratory issues and blacken buildings.

What is the significance of ensuring a good supply of oxygen when burning fuels?

It helps to reduce the formation of carbon monoxide and improves combustion efficiency.