Internal energy (16.1)
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4 Terms
What is internal energy?
Internal energy (U) - the sum of a random distribution of kinetic and potential energies associated with the molecules of a system
U = Ek of system + Ep of system
What is the internal energy dependant on?
The internal energy of a system is dependent on the state (temperature, pressure, volume) of the system, not how the system arrived at that state.
How can the internal energy of a system be increased?
1) Do work on the system to transfer energy to it (e.g. changing its shape_
2) Increase the temperature of the system
Why does increasing the temperature of a system increase its internal energy?
The Ek of particles is directly proportional to their temperature, so an increase in temperature leads to an increase in the average kinetic energy and thus an increase in the internal energy