U4 VCE PE ACTIVITY ANALYSIS

purpose of activity analysis, data collection methods, different types of data and analysis of it

what is an activity analysis and its purpose

the first step in designing a training program (prior), used to examine and evaluate pa. breaking down activity into components to analyse

ensuring the program is specific (specificity → precision of the fitness testing and training that mimics the skills and enhances physiological requirements of activity) to requirements of the game by gathering the sports/activity data and analysing it.

forms basis of effective training programs, give feedback to players, have benchmarks, goals.

• used to determine the performance and how it may be improved through coach intervention.

• data is collected to provide info about

  • physiological requirements

  • technical & tactical requirements

physiological, technical and tactical requirements

physiological → specific fitness components, energy system interplay

• + intensity & duration of efforts, muscle groups,

technical → biomechanical efficiency and execution of skills

• technique of skill can be used as baseline for player performance profiles to compare throughout season, skill frequencies

tactical → specific movement sequences

• tactical decisions of team and opposition, field pacings, timings

primary vs secondary data

primary

• data collected firsthand

secondary

• data collected by others and used to inc. understanding

used together often.

Need to get highest level possible data to develop benchmarks on optimal performance requirements, making it more accurate

the main data collection methods

1. direct observation (w or w/o note taking)

2. digital recording

3. wearable technologies (somewhat falls between digital recording as well)

Data collection method → Direct observation

Directly observe athlete performance at vantage points where you can see gameplay and communicate with players.

• its subjective (opinion) info esp at lower levels where there is lack of exp/game knowledge and there is a bias, inability to keep up with pace (can help by having a team of observers)

• gathers → movement patterns, use of playing area, skills, muscles

• Can be done with statistical recording to collect quantitative data but can be hard to watch and record info thus inc. accuracy through computer programs, apps which r accessible/affordable

data collection method - digital recording

use of digital tech such as cameras, phones, monitors, GPS to record gameplay.

• use of it must remain focused on performer for accuracy of performance and analysis for tailored program

• at elite level, multiple digital recorders are set at high viewpoints for diff angles.

• diff cams for diff sport such as gopro is good for swim tumbles that might not be seen by cams positioned outside the pool far

advantage & disadvantage of direct observation and direct observation with note taking

direct observation normal

adv

• immediate feedback can be shared with players

• can make immediate player/position changes

disadv

• subjective due to experience

• cant show players how theyre performing

• cant observe multiple players effectively

• restricted view of players depending on field size

• difficult to consider multiple performance outcomes at same time due to fast pace

• cant store info for future reference → relying on memory

direct observation note taking

adv

• observers can discuss performance w players with direct reference to stats reducing subjectivity

• data can be stored for future reference

• can make player profiles easier

disadv

• hard to observe and record data same time

• game summaries take large time to collate

advantage & disadvantage of digital recording

adv

• data easy downloaded and can be used with programs for analysis

• performance stored, replayed, shown to players

disadv

• equipment used by elite performer and prof can be expensive, need expertise to operate it maybe

different digital recordings + wearable tech (HR monitor, GPS) advantages & disadvantages

hr monitoring

adv

• not obtrusive, cheap, records intensities for direct link to energy system interplay

disadv

• lag time between performance effort/workload changes, recorded data may need to be downloaded before used

global positioning system GPS

adv

• not obtrusive, accurate link to movement patterns, identifies intensities

disadv

• some models dont transmit data and must be downloaded post performance

aerial sports analysis

adv

• every player is visible, close ups and diff angles

disadv

• expensive, need expertise

different types of data that can be collected and analysed + how it could be collected

1. skill frequencies

   • direct observation, digital recording

2. movement patterns

   • GPS, digital recording

3. heart rate & training zones

   • heart rate monitors

4. work to rest ratios

   • direct observation, digital recording

skill frequencies data

used to inform coaches the involvement of fitness components, major muscle groups, effectiveness of skills, what skills are performed to improve technical and tactical aspects of performance. How often skills performed

• if data shows low % effectiveness → need to improve that skill with low % via qualitative movement analysis

• eg. if data shows high no. jumps → muscular power, directional changes → agility, serves → muscular arm power, walking/jogging/rest → aerobic power

movement pattern analysis

aka locomotor patterns. Shows where player moves during a match, capturing distance and intensities of each movement(eg speed). Can also take HR

Gps makes it easy to create heat maps and track player/s, superimposing data over image of playing field.

• eg. if data shows dec. in distance throughout the match → fatigue.

• If data shows large % or no. or distance spent in low speed ranges → low intensity → aerobic energy system

• analysis of movement patterns allow specific sprint distances to be selected for fitness testing. EG lots of short repeated sprints → phosphate recovery test.

• knowing the intensity → can be replicated during training for energy system training.

• if data shows two diff positions cover same distance, can tell coach for tactical reasons can do player swaps.

heart rate data

gives info about intensity of effort.

heart rate monitoring

• uses chest straps, band monitors → accesible and practical, providing data in real time but lowest accuracy.

• can be lag between hr and workload if too quick.

heart rate and training zones

the training zones

1. 50% is warm up

2. 60/70-85% is aerobic (working below or at LIP)

3. 85%+ is anaerobic (past LIP)

• heart data inform player and staff of the intensity training zones should be working at to allow relevant energy systems and fitness components to be developed

• ai linked to treadmill ensures workload increased exactly match LIP and doesnt go higher allowing athlete to training AT LIP for aerobic training.

• calculate training zones (first find maxHR from 220-age)

  • eg. 200bpm max HR multiplied by 0.7 =140bpm → the heart rate of an indiv working at the lower end aerobically

LIP - lactate inflection point

highest workload/intensity person can sustain in which maximal lactate production is matched with maximal lactate removal. Highest steady state.

• higher LIP = work at higher intensities for longer AEROBICALLY

• pass LIP = inc. in blood lactate

work to rest ratios W:R

compares amount of time spent in physical activity with time spent recovering. Gives info about energy system contribution

• not relevant for continuous activities.

• can be misleading unless intensity of work is considered.

• know that even though an intermittent sport with major contributor overall is aerobic energy system, can have W:R of 1:5 due to the movements/skills they do.

W:R

• 1:5+ ATP-CP

• 1:3-1:4 ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS

• 1:1, 1:2, 2:1 AEROBIC

edrolo qs

 4marks, Kirsty is a marathon runner who is training for her upcoming marathon. Her training program includes one continuous slow run, one interval run and one fast run per week. Analyse the methods of data collection that may be used to monitor her training intensity. 

• 1m identified heart rate as a method of data collection, 1m info about how heart rate can be used to monitor intensity, 1m identified work to rest ratio as method of data collection,  1m info about how the work to rest ratio can be used to monitor intensity. 

Sample answer: 

Kirsty can collect data regarding her heart rate during his training session by locating the radial pulse in her wrist or through a wearable technology.1

This can be used particularly during her continuous slow run. If she is aiming to maintain a steady heart rate during this run, the heart rate telemeter can ensure she maintains a 70-85% Max HR.

By keeping within this heart rate zone, she can train her aerobic endurance.

2Additionally, Kirsty can collect data regarding her work-to-rest ratio, recording the time she spends resting and the time she spends working.3

This is particularly important for her interval runs. To train the aerobic glycolysis system, the work-to-rest ratio of her interval run should be 1:1, therefore she can use this information to create an interval program that targets the anaerobic energy systems.

SAC NETBALL BASED