Journalism quiz 2

Trial of John Peter Zenger

first time jury interpreted the law: told the truth so he did not commit libel

Ben Franklin

first practical use of fourth estate: covers Pennsylvania legislature for free

Milkovich v. Lorain Journal

a statement of opinion may constitute libel if sufficiently factual to be proven true or false

absolute privilege

public officials cannot recover damages for a report related to official duties unless proven actual malice

AP v Walker

actual malice test applied to all public figures

Actual Malice Test

test for libel: reporter knows information is false or shows a reckless disregard for the truth

Gertz v Welch

if a person does not thrust themselves into public spotlight through promotion or circumstance, they are a private individual

Saturday Evening Post

how often a publication publishes affects their expectation of accuracy

Gross negligence test

NYT's actual malice test