Passive Voice and Causative

Structure du Present Passive ?

Am/is/are + participe passé.

Complète : English ___ worldwide. (speak)

Is spoken.

Complète : Cars ___ here. (make)

Are made.

Actif → passif : People use this tool.

This tool is used.

Piège : « It used every day » devient…

It is used every day.

Structure du Past Passive ?

Was/were + participe passé.

Complète : The bridge ___ in 1990. (build)

Was built.

Complète : The letters ___ yesterday. (send)

Were sent.

Actif → passif : They opened the store.

The store was opened.

Piège : « was build » devient…

Was built.

Structure du Future Passive ?

Will be + participe passé.

Complète : The results ___ tomorrow. (announce)

Will be announced.

Actif → passif : They will finish the work.

The work will be finished.

Après « will be », quelle forme ?

Le participe passé.

Question : The room is cleaned daily.

Is the room cleaned daily?

Négation : The door was locked.

The door wasn’t locked.

Question : The goods were delivered.

Were the goods delivered?

Négation future : It will be completed.

It won’t be completed.

Que faut-il conserver dans une question passive ?

L’auxiliaire « be ».

Piège : « Did it built? » devient…

Was it built?

Structure du Present Continuous Passive ?

Am/is/are being + participe passé.

Complète : The building ___ now. (destroy)

Is being destroyed.

Complète : The names ___ now. (include, negative)

Aren’t being included.

Question : It is being checked.

Is it being checked?

Piège : « It is checking now » au passif devient…

It is being checked now.

Structure du Present Perfect Passive ?

Have/has been + participe passé.

Complète : The meeting ___. (put off)

Has been put off.

Complète : The letters ___. (receive)

Have been received.

Négation : The document has been signed.

The document hasn’t been signed.

Question : The ideas have been rejected.

Have the ideas been rejected?

Structure du Past Perfect Passive ?

Had been + participe passé.

Complète : The truth ___ before we arrived. (hide)

Had been hidden.

Complète : The thieves ___. (punish)

Had been punished.

Question passive : They are being criticized.

Are they being criticized?

Négation passive : It has been modified.

It hasn’t been modified.

Quel auxiliaire porte la négation dans une forme passive ?

La forme de « be » ou l’auxiliaire qui la précède.

Piège : « Has been it changed? » devient…

Has it been changed?

Complète : Why ___ it being produced now?

Is.

« I had my car repaired » signifie…

J’ai fait réparer ma voiture.

Structure causative avec « have » ?

Have + objet + participe passé.

Complète : She got her hair ___. (cut)

Cut.

Différence : « I painted the fence » vs « I had it painted » ?

Je l’ai peint moi-même vs je l’ai fait peindre.

Structure d’un modal au passif ?

Modal + be + participe passé.

Complète : It must ___. (change)

Be changed.

Complète : The rules should ___. (follow)

Be followed.

Question : Can it be checked?

Can it be checked?

Piège : « It must changed » devient…

It must be changed.

Structure du perfect modal passive ?

Modal + have been + participe passé.

Complète : The meeting should ___. (cancel)

Have been cancelled.

Complète : The document could ___. (attach)

Have been attached.

Complète : It may ___. (discuss)

Have been discussed.

Piège : « should have cancelled » au passif devient…

Should have been cancelled.

Complète : The data ___ every night.

Are backed up.

Complète : The files ___ during the move.

Were damaged.

Complète : The winners ___ tomorrow.

Will be notified.

Complète : The road ___ at the moment.

Is being repaired.

Complète : The payment ___.

Has been received.

Complète : The room ___ before we arrived.

Had been cleaned.

Complète : The form must ___ today.

Be submitted.

Complète : The warning should ___ earlier.

Have been issued.

Question passive : They are being monitored.

Are they being monitored?