reproductive health concerns

most common cancer in women

breast

breast exams are done yearly after __ years old

40

the risk of breast cancer increases with __

age

the risk of breast cancer is higher in AA women __ 35

under

gene mutation responsible for breast cancer

BRCA

mammograms are a 10 min procedure starting at age __

40

mammograms are done every __ years

1-2

do mammograms after __ to reduce tenderness

menses

do not wear __ during a mammogram

deodorant

take __ before a mammogram to reduce discomfort

tylenol

do not wear __ jewelry to mammogram

neck

__ is used to test cystic areas in breast

ultrasound

__ is used to check breasts with implants

MRI

__ is used to do tissue and fluid dx in breasts

fine needle aspirations

once a month, women should do a __

SBE

first speculum exam occurs when __

sexually active

check breasts in SBE for what three things

lumps, skin color, nipples

pap smears start at age __

21

pap smears detect cervix changes before __ develops

cancer

pap smears test for _

HPV

average age for cervical cancer is __

40-50

cervical cancer is usually caused by __

HPV

most common form of reproductive cancer

uterus

uterine cancer generally has a __ prognosis

good

second most frequent repro cancer

ovarian

ovarian cancer is considered a __ cancer

whisper

testicular cancer has a __% cure rate

90

a testicular exam should be done every _ month(s) in the shower

1

absence of menses

amenorrhea

absence of menses with no secondary sexual characteristics

primary amenorrhea

absences of 3 cycles or 6 months in women who normally menstruate regularly

secondary amenorrhea

the most likely cause of secondary amenorrhea is __

pregnancy

counseling for amenorrhea usually surrounds __ disorders

eating

painful menstruation, cramping

dysmenorrhea

dysmenorrhea is caused by increased __

prostaglandins

treatment for dysmenorrhea is usually __ changes

lifestyle

range of symptoms that begin in 2nd half of cycle and resolve with onset of menstruation

PMS

dx for PMS must have one of each of what two types of symptoms

affective and somatic

the general treatment for PMS is __

lifestyle changes

most common gyn disease

endometriosis

endometriosis is seen in 30-45% of __ patients

infertile

inflammation of endometrial tissue outside uterus, still functioning though

endometriosis

infertility, dysmenorrhea, hypermenorrhea, irregular menses/spotting, dyspareunia, painful urination, painful bowel movements, chronic pelvic pain are sx of __

endometriosis

early recognition of __ is key to preserving fertility

endometriosis

tx of endometriosis includes __ estrogen/progesterone

suppressing

transitional period when ovarian function and hormone production decline

perimenopause

perimenopause can span __ years

10-15

last menstrual period

menopause

menopause is certain after 1 __ without menses

year

altered menstrual pattern, hot flashes, night sweats, urogenital atrophy, skin changes, thinning of skin, decrease in hair, osteoporosis are signs of __

menopause

poor calcium absorption causes risk of __ for menopause

osteoporosis

screen pts with menopause for what three things

osteoporosis, HTN, cardiac disease