Causative verbs ,present and perfect conditional tense: LESSON 5

La struttura italiana fare+infinito si rende in inglese in maniera diversa a seconda dei casi. V o F?

V.

Se la funzione espressa dall’infinito (nella frase subordinata, cioè quella che segue la frase che contiene “fare”) è di tipo attivo allora si distinguono i seguenti casi:

-quando si vuole esprimere obbligo o aiuto

SUBJ+VERB MAKE+OBJECT+VERB BASE FORM

es. I’ll make him study hard for that test

-quando si vuole esprimere permesso

SUBJ+VERB LET+OBJECT+VERB BASE FORM

es. My sister often lets me drive her car

-quando si vuole esprimere persuasione

SUBJ+VERB GET+OGG+INFINITIVE

es. we got him to change his mind

Se la funzione espressa dall’infinito è di tipo passivo allora la struttura sarà la seguente:

SUBJ+VERB GET/HAVE+OBJ+PAST PART.

es. How often do you have/get your car washed?

Quando il verbo fare (nella frase italiana) è alla forma passiva, la costruzione è:

SUBJ+TO BE MADE+INFINITIVE

es. He was made to go out

farsi amare

to make oneself loved

farsi capire

to make oneself understood

farsi odiare

to make oneself hated

farsi prestare

to borrow

farsi rispettare

to make oneself respected

farsi vedere,farsi vivo

to turn up, to show up

far aspettare

to keep somebody wait

far avere

to let somebody have

far bollire

to boil

far cadere

to drop

fare chiamare

to send for

far conoscere, presentare

to introduce

far crescere, coltivare

to grow

far entrare

to let someone in/into

far impazzire

to drive someone crazy/mad

far passeggiare

to walk (the dog)

far pagare, addebitare

to charge for

far sapere

to let somebody know

far uscire

to let somebody out

far vedere, mostrare

to show

far volare

to fly

Present conditional tense: would+verb base form:

forma affermativa

subj+would+verbo infinito+forma base

es. I would like to go to the cinema

Forma negativa

subj+would+not+verbo infinito+forma base

es. I wouldn’t do it, if I were you

Forma interrogativa

Would you help me water the garden, please?

would+subj+verbo infinito+forma base

Forma interrogativa-negativa

would you not like / wouldn’t you like to live in a detached house with your own garden?

kindly asking people to do things:

es. Would you please be quiet? (please sta tra soggetto e verbo)

Describing one’s ambitions,desires,hypotheses:

es. I’d really like to change my car (really tra soggetto e verbo)

Second conditional:

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a car

Future in the past:

She said she would stay up till her son came back home

Perfect conditional tense:

Would+have+past part

forma affermativa

es. I don’t know what i would have done in her shoes. (cosa avrei fatto)

forma negativa

I wouldn’t have told her if I could have foreseen her reaction

forma interrogativa

Would you have liked to visit the museum?

forma interrogativa negativa

Wouldn’t she have arrived earlier if you had helped her?

describing unrealized actions or desires:

I would have wanted to visit the acquarium

third conditional:

If you had taken a plane, you would have got there earlier

Third conditional in reported speech:

He told me he would have bought a new house if…

In conversation it is not necessary to use the full infinitive if it is understood from the context. V o F?

V.

es.

a: I’ll email some more photos

b: ok, don’t forget to email

a: can you and mary come to lunch next saturday?

b: yes! we’d love to come