Chapter 11: Romanesque 

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Feudalism
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a symbiotic connection between lords and peasants—dominated medieval life.
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feminine handicrafts
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Women were limited to "\___" including pottery, weaving, and manuscript decorating.

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35 Terms

1
Feudalism
a symbiotic connection between lords and peasants—dominated medieval life.
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2
feminine handicrafts
Women were limited to "\___" including pottery, weaving, and manuscript decorating.
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3
Cathedral
the principal church of a diocese, where a bishop sits
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4
Rib vault
a vault in which diagonal arches form riblike patterns. These arches partially support a roof, in some cases forming a web-like design
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5
Clerestory
the window story of a church
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Triforium
A narrow passageway with arches opening onto a nave, usually directly below a clerestory
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Bay
a vertical section of a church that is embraced by a set of columns and is usually composed of arches and aligned windows
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8
Abbey
a monastery for monks, or a convent for nuns, and the church that is connected to it
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Ambulatory
a passageway around the apse of a church
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10
Apse
the end point of a church where the altar is
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11
Campanile
a bell tower of an Italian building
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12
Arcade
a series of arches supported by columns. When the arches face a wall and are not self-supporting, they are called a blind arcade
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13
Baptistery
in medieval architecture, a separate chapel or building generally in front of a church used for baptisms
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14
Compound pier
a gathering of engaged shafts around a pier
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15
Gallery
a passageway inside or outside a church that generally is characterized by having a colonnade or arcade
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Jamb
the side posts of a medieval portal
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Narthex
the vestibule, or lobby, of a church
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18
Portal
a doorway. In medieval art they can be significantly decorated
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Radiating chapel
a chapel that extends out in a radial pattern from an apse or an ambulatory
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20
Transept
an aisle in a church perpendicular to the nave
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Transverse arch
an arch that spans an interior space connecting opposite walls by crossing from side to side
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22
Reliquary
a vessel for holding a sacred relic. Often reliquaries took the shape of the objects they held. Precious metals and stones were the common material
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23
Last Judgment
in Christianity, the judgment before God at the end of the world
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Tympanum
a rounded sculpture placed over the portal of a medieval church
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Mandorla
(Italian for “almond”) an almond-shaped circle of light around the figure of Christ or Buddha
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26
Embroidery
a woven product in which the design is stitched into a premade fabric
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Tapestry
a woven product in which the design and the backing are produced at the same time on a device called a loom
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28
Church of Sainte-Foy
Church of Sainte-Foy
  • Church built to handle the large number of pilgrims: wide transepts, large ambulatory with radiating chapels.

  • Radiating chapels housed relics of the saints.

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Last Judgment
Last Judgment
  • Largest Romanesque tympanum.

  • 124 figures densely packed together; originally richly painted.

  • cautions pilgrims that life is transitory and one should prepare for the next life.

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Reliquary of Sainte-Foy
Reliquary of Sainte-Foy
  • Child saint’s skull is housed in the rather mannish-looking enlarged head.

  • Jewels, gems, and crown added over the years by the faithful, as acts of devotion.

  • Reliquary of a young girl martyred in the early fourth century

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Sainte Foy (or Faith)
______ probably died as a martyr to the Christian faith during the persecutions in 303 under Emperor Diocletian; she was tortured over a brazier; she refused to sacrifice to the Roman gods in a pagan ritual.
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The Bayeux Tapestry
The Bayeux Tapestry
  • Tells the story (in Latin) of William the Conqueror’s conquest of England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.

  • perhaps in a cathedral hung from the pillars in the nave or walls

  • Probably designed by a man and executed by women.

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33
First meal from the Bayeux Tapestry
First meal from the Bayeux Tapestry
* Norman’s first meal in England, at the center is **Bishop Odo**, who gazes out as he offers a blessing over the cup in his hand.
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Cavalry attack from the Bayeux Tapestry
Cavalry attack from the Bayeux Tapestry
  • The cavalry could advance quickly and easily retreat, which would scatter an opponent's defenses allowing the infantry to invade.

  • It was a strong tactic that was flexible and intimidating.

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35
Romanesque portal
Romanesque portal
a doorway. In medieval art they can be significantly decorated
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