IAS - FINALS

is a malicious program that self-replicates by copying itself to another program

Computer Virus

• This is also called “Cavity Viruses”.

• This is called so as they fill up the empty spaces between the code and hence does not cause any damage to the file.

Spacefiller Virus

This type of virus deletes all the files that it infects

Overwrite Virus

This type of virus spreads through multiple ways

Multipartite Virus

This is also called non-resident virus, it gets installed or stays hidden in the computer memory.

Direct Action Virus

is malicious software that runs secretly on a computer and reports back to a remote user

Spyware

is malicious software used to collect data on your computer usage and provide appropriate advertisements to you

Adware

are malicious software that rapidly replicates and spreads to any device within the network.

Worms

malicious software that gains access to sensitive information within a system, encrypts that information so that the user cannot access it, and then demands a financial payout for the data to be released

Ransomware

is a cyber-attack intended to redirect a website’s traffic to another, fake site

Pharming

Complete the general scenario of electronic transaction

Customer

Merchant

Payment Gateway

Customer Financial Institution

Merchant Financial Institution`

an engineer at BBN Technologies developed the first known computer virus in the year 1971.

Robert Thomas

– This type of virus infects the master boot record and it is challenging and a complex task to remove this virus and often requires the system to be formatted. Mostly it spreads through removable media.

Boot Sector Virus

Unlike direct action viruses, resident viruses get installed on the computer. It is difficult to identify the virus and it is even difficult to remove a resident virus.

Resident Virus

These type of viruses are difficult to identify with a traditional anti-virus program.

Polymorphic Virus

is the fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords and credit card details by disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication

Phishing

- is a type of memory-resident malware. As the term suggests, it is malware that operates from a victim’s computer’s memory, not from files on the hard drive. Because there are no files to scan, it is harder to detect than traditional malware.

Fileless Malware

a system which ensures security and integrity of electronic transactions done using credit cards in a scenario.

Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) Protocol

Participants in SET :

Cardholder

Issuer

Merchant

Acquirer

Certificate Authority

Types of Viruses

Boot Sector Virus

Direct Action Virus

Resident Virus

Multipartite Virus

Polymorphic Virus

Overwrite Virus

Spacefiller Virus

File Infectors

Macro Virus

Rootkit Virus

System or Boot-Record Infectors

coined the term “computer virus” and it was after a year in 1983. The term came into being when he attempted to write an academic paper titled “Computer Viruses – Theory and Experiments” detailing about the malicious programs in his work.

Fred Cohen