Kingdoms Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

Flashcards covering key concepts related to the kingdoms Archaebacteria and Eubacteria, including definitions of important terms and differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Prokaryotes

Organisms without a defined nuclear membrane, primarily bacteria.

Eukaryotes

Organisms with a defined nuclear membrane and complex cell structures.

Asexual reproduction

The process by which prokaryotes reproduce, specifically by binary fission.

Archaebacteria

A kingdom of bacteria known to live in extreme environments, considered closest living relatives of first cells.

Eubacteria

A kingdom of bacteria that exist everywhere, can be autotrophic or heterotrophic, and have cell walls made of peptidoglycan.

Gram-positive bacteria

Bacteria with thick cell walls that stain purple.

Gram-negative bacteria

Bacteria with thin cell walls that stain pink.

Bacilli

Rod-shaped bacteria, with singular form bacillus.

Cocci

Spherical bacteria, with singular form coccus.

Spirochaetes

Tightly coiled bacteria, a type of rod-shaped bacteria.

Treponema pallidum

Bacteria known to cause syphilis.

Vibrio cholerae

Bacteria that can cause cholera.

Autotroph

Organisms that produce their own food, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

Heterotroph

Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume others for energy.