global governance

global governance

refers to the cooperative leadership and systems of rules, institutions, and processes that aim to manage global issues and challenges that transcend national borders

PURPOSE of global governance

1. To promote international cooperation and peace.

2. To address global problems like climate change, terrorism, poverty, and pandemics.

CHARACTERISTICS of global governance

1. Multilateralism

2. Shared Responsibility

3. Non-state Actors Involvement

1. Multilateralism

Collaboration among multiple countries

2. Shared Responsibility

Nations working together to solve common problems.

3. Non-state Actors Involvement

NGOs, corporations, civil society, etc.

IMPORTANCE in Today's World

1. Increasing globalization means countries are more interdepencent.

2. No single nation can solve complex global issues alone.

Examples of Global Issues Managed by Governance

1. Climate change agreements (e.g. Paris Agreement)

2. Global health crises (e.g, COVID. 19 pandemic response)

3. International security and peacekeeping missions

Role of Global Organizations

are essential players in establishing and maintaining global governance.

major organization and their roles

1. united nations (UN)

2. world trade organization (WTO)

3. world health organization (WHO)

4. international monetary fund (IMF) & world bank

5. non governmental organizations

(NGOs) such as red cross

United Nations (UN)

-Maintains international peace and security.

-Provides humanitarian aid.

-Develops international law and human rights frameworks.

World Trade Organization (WTO)

-Regulates international trade rules.

-Resolves trade disputes between countries

World Health Organization (WHO)

-Coordinates international health responses.

-Guides global health standards and disease prevention.

International Monetary Fund (IMF) & World Bank

-Provide financial support to countries in crisis.

-Promote economic development and stability.

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): such as :Red Cross

-Advocate for issues like environmental protection, human rights, and disaster relief

Challenges to Global Governance

1. National Sovereignty vs. Global Rules

2. Inequality Among Nations

3. Lack of Enforcement Mechanisms

4. Rising Nationalism and Populism

5. Complex Global Problems

National Sovereignty vs. Global Rules

• is the right of a country to govern itself without outside interference.

Global rules, on the other hand, are international laws or agreements meant to regulate actions across borders for the common good.

Inequality Among Nations

Not all countries have equal power, wealth, or influence in global governance.

Developed (wealthy) nations often have more say in international decision-making than developing (poorer) nations.

Lack of Enforcement Mechanisms

Global organizations cannot force countries to comply with international rules.

They rely on voluntary cooperation and diplomacy rather than strict enforcement.

Rising Nationalism and Populism

Nationalism: Focus on protecting a nation’s sovereignty, culture, and economy, often at the expense of international collaboration. Key idea: "Our country first."

Populism: A political movement that claims to represent "ordinary people" and often blames globalization or foreign influence for national problems.

Complex Global Problems

Modern global issues are deeply interconnected, meaning they cross borders and affect multiple sectors like health, environment, economy, and security.