Incentive Spirometry

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Last updated 6:40 PM on 8/25/26
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6 Terms

1
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What is sustained maximal inspiration (SMI)?

  • Maximal inspiratory effort

  • Held for ≥3 seconds

  • Also called incentive spirometry when performed with feedback device


2
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What are indications for incentive spirometry?

  • ↓ Intrathoracic lung volume

  • ↓ Chest wall/lung compliance

  • V/Q mismatch

  • Atelectasis or risk of atelectasis

  • Thoracic/upper abdominal surgery

  • Restrictive lung defects


3
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How is incentive spirometry performed?

  • Hold device vertically

  • Exhale completely

  • Seal lips around mouthpiece

  • Inhale slowly and deeply

  • Emphasize diaphragm/lower chest

  • Hold breath ≥3 seconds


4
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How frequently should SMI be performed while awake?

5–10 breaths per hour

5
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What are contraindications/precautions for incentive spirometry?

  • Unable/unwilling to cooperate

  • Unable to understand proper use

  • Unable to breathe deeply effectively

  • Vital capacity <10 mL/kg

  • Inspiratory capacity <⅓ predicted

  • Moderate-to-severe COPD with hyperinflation/increased RR


6
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What are expected outcomes of incentive spirometry?

  • ↓ Atelectasis

  • ↓ Respiratory rate

  • Normal pulse rate

  • Improved chest X-ray

  • Improved PaO₂

  • ↑ FVC

  • ↑ Peak expiratory flow