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torana
a free-standing ornamental or arched gateway for ceremonial purposes in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain architecture of the Indian subcontinent.
pradakshina
a ritual of walking clockwise around a sacred object or idol, such as a shrine, image, or town.
architrave
a main beam resting across the tops of columns, specifically the lower third entablature.
mudra
a symbolic or ritual usually HAND gesture or pose in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism.
ushnisha
a three-dimensional oval at the top of the head of the Buddha.
urna
the Urna is a spiral or circular dot placed on the forehead of Buddhist images as an auspicious mark.
halo
you know what this is
bodhisattva
a Buddhist deity who has attained the highest level of enlightenment, but who delays their entry into Paradise in order to help the earthbound.
garbhagriha
comes from the Sanskrit words garbha for womb and griha for house.
cloister
a covered walk in a convent, monastery, college, or cathedral, typically with a wall on one side and a colonnade open to a quadrangle on the other.
pagoda
A pagoda is an Asian tiered tower with multiple eaves common to Thailand, Cambodia, Nepal, China, Japan,
kondō
the centerpiece of an ancient Buddhist temple's garan in Japan.
cantilever
a long projecting beam or girder fixed at only one end, used in bridge construction.
mandorla
almond-shaped aureole of light surrounding the entire figure of a holy person
filigree
ornamental work of fine (typically gold or silver) wire formed into delicate tracery.
lacquer
a hard, shiny coating or finish applied to materials like wood.
isometric perspective
objects are drawn with one or more vanishing points, often along, above, or below a horizontal line. The horizontal lines stay parallel to one another.
handscroll
is a long, narrow, horizontal scroll format in East Asia used for calligraphy or paintings.
hanging scroll
a traditional way to display Chinese painting and calligraphy on a wall.
mandala
a geometric configuration of symbols.
architectural polychromy
Architecture with multiple colors
Buncheong
pottery: a blue-green tone, a white slip coating, and decorative designs
qibla/qibla wall
wall in the direction towards the Kaaba in the Sacred Mosque in Mecca,
central plan
a type of design that is organized around a vertical axis and can be circumscribed within a circle. The parts of a building radiate from a central point
ambulatory
a covered passage that forms a processional way.
façade
the face of a building, especially the principal front that looks onto a street or open space
hypostyle hall
a large interior space with a flat roof supported by columns.
gabled roof
roof with sloping sides
mihrab
a niche in the wall of a mosque, at the point nearest to Mecca, toward which the congregation faces to pray.
minbar
a short flight of steps used as a platform by a preacher in a mosque.
minaret
Islamic religious architecture, the tower from which the faithful are called to prayer five times each day
lusterware
is a type of pottery or porcelain with a metallic glaze that gives the effect of iridescence.
colophon
a statement at the end of a book, typically with a printer's emblem, giving information about its authorship and printing.
folio
book made with parchment paper
dome
a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure, typically with a circular base.
cupola
a small dome, especially a small dome on a drum on top of a larger dome, adorning a roof or ceiling.
clerestory
any fenestrated (windowed) wall of a room that is carried higher than the surrounding roofs to light the interior space.
muqarnas
A form of decorative vaulting in Islamic architecture. In muqarnas, the surface of a vault or dome is subdivided into niche-like cells that have no load-bearing function.
caravanserai
a roadside inn where travelers could rest and recover from their journey. Caravanserais were located along major trade routes, such as the Silk Road, and served as hubs for the exchange of goods, ideas, and culture
madrasa
the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious
niello
a black mixture, usually of sulphur, copper, silver, and lead, used as an inlay on engraved or etched metal, especially silver.
fritware
stone-paste, is a type of pottery that dates back to the ninth century AD. It is made by adding frit to clay to reduce its fusion temperature. The mixture may include quartz or other siliceous material, and an organic compound such as gum or glue may be added for binding
overglaze
a decorative finish applied over a fired glaze surface and made permanent by firing.
