Review pd.4

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48 Terms

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Point
A location in space with no size.
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Line
A straight path that extends infinitely in both directions.
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Line Segment
A part of a line with two endpoints.
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Ray
A part of a line that starts at one point and extends infinitely in one direction.
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Plane
A flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions.
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Acute Angle
Less than 90°.
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Right Angle
Exactly 90°.
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Obtuse Angle
More than 90° but less than 180°.
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Straight Angle
Exactly 180°.
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Complementary Angles
Two angles that add up to 90°.
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Supplementary Angles
Two angles that add up to 180°.
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Vertical Angles
Opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines (always equal).
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Adjacent Angles
Two angles that share a common side.
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Equilateral Triangle
All sides and angles are equal.
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Isosceles Triangle
Two sides and two angles are equal.
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Scalene Triangle
No sides or angles are equal.
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Right Triangle
Has one right angle.
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Acute Triangle
All angles are less than 90°.
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Obtuse Triangle
Has one angle greater than 90°.
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Parallelogram
Opposite sides are parallel and equal.
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Rectangle
A parallelogram with four right angles.
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Square
A rectangle with all equal sides.
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Rhombus
A parallelogram with all sides equal.
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Trapezoid (US) / Trapezium (UK)
Has one pair of parallel sides.
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Kite
Two pairs of adjacent equal sides.
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Pentagon
5 sides.
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Hexagon
6 sides.
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Heptagon
7 sides.
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Octagon
8 sides.
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Nonagon
9 sides.
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Decagon
10 sides.
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Regular Polygon
A polygon with all sides and angles equal.
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Radius
Distance from the center to any point on the circle.
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Diameter
A line passing through the center of a circle, touching two points on the edge (twice the radius).
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Circumference
The perimeter of a circle.
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Chord
A line segment connecting two points on a circle.
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Arc
A portion of the circumference of a circle.
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Sector
A 'pizza slice' of a circle.
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Tangent
A line that touches a circle at exactly one point.
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Translation
Sliding a shape without rotating or flipping it.
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Reflection
Flipping a shape over a line.
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Rotation
Turning a shape around a fixed point.
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Dilation
Resizing a shape while keeping proportions.
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Congruent Figures
Identical in shape and size.
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Similar Figures
Same shape but different size, proportional sides.
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Pythagorean Theorem
𝑎2+𝑏2=𝑐2 (for right triangles).
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Triangle Sum Theorem
The sum of the angles in a triangle is always 180°.
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Parallel Lines & Transversals
Corresponding, alternate interior, and alternate exterior angles are equal.