AICE International History 2.1 and 2.2 Vocab Set

Treaty of Trianon

A treaty in which Slovakia and Ruthenia became part of Czechoslovakia, and Hungary got land locked and lost many territories

Treaty of Neuilly

A treaty to punish Bulgaria signed in November 1919. Its land was given to, Greece, Yugoslavia and Romania. Limit its armed forces to 20,000 men only. Pay 100 million in reparations

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty in 1920 imposed on Germany by the allied powers after the end of WW1 that demanded high reparations and the loss of territory

Hyperinflation

An extremely high rate of inflation

JM Keynes

A British economist who argued that high reparations from Germany would cause economic problems facing postwar Europe

Ruhr Crisis

In 1922-23 Germany announced they couldn't pay their reparations, and France invades the valley to collect relations "In Kind"

Fiume

A self-proclaimed independent state under the influence of the Italian poet and adventurer Gabriele D'Annunzio

Nine Power Treaty

A treaty established in 1922 where there's a reinvention of the open door policy, and all members (USA, Britain, Japan, France, China, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, & Portugal) are allowed to have equal and fair trading rights with China

Successor States

A new smaller country formed after a large country has been divided

Self-Determination

The belief that people should have the right to choose for themselves their national affiliation

Treaty of St. Germain

A treaty formally confirming the dissolution of the Austrian state, and helped recognize Hungary's independence

Treaty of Sèvres

A treaty that stripped all of the Ottoman Empires land except for Turkey

V. Lenin

Leader of the communist/Bolshevik party who overthrew Russian aristocracy and established a communist government; leader of the U.S.S.R

Inflation

An increase in prices

W. Wilson

The 28th U.S President re-elected in 1916, led the USA into WW1, and signed the Treaty of Versailles

Tsarist Regime

A political system in Russia where all the power was in the hands of the tsar/Russian Emperor

U.S Senate

The upper house of the U.S congress

Dictator

A ruler with total power over a country, mainly one who has obtained power by force

L. George

Wanted less severe settlements to not punish Germany harshly, as it may grow a sense of revenge

Ratify

Sign or give formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement; making it only valid

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The treaty in which Russia lost valuable territory to the Germans; Made Russia leave the war

G. Clemenceau

A French leader who wanted France to be safe from future conflicts from Germany

Corfu Incident

In 1923, Mussolini occupied the Greek island of Corfu after the murder of an Italian diplomat

Washington Naval Conference (1921-22)

A conference from 1921-22 by the USA which called the British and USA's de-fortification of far east possessions

Treaty of Lausanne

A treaty established in 1923 that ended the Turkish war and noticed the territorial honesty of an independent Turkey

Rapallo Pact (1922)

A secret pact between Russia and Germany in 1922 that allowed Germany to improve their army on Russian land, agreed to renounce their claims on land, and strengthened economic and military ties

Genoa Conference (1922)

A conference in 1922 to discuss economic reconstruction of central and Eastern Europe (This conference failed to settle the reparations issue and later resulted in the occupation of the Ruhr)

Comintern

A communist international association led by the Soviet Union to spread the communist revolution

Five-Power Treaty

A treaty where Japan had to withdraw some Chinese territory, limit its navy to three fifths the size of Britain and USA navies, and had the Western Powers agree to not develop any new naval bases near Japan

US-German Peace Treaty (1921)

A treaty known to be a separate peace agreement between Germany and the USA which formalized the end of WW1 between the two countries

B. Mussolini

Led the fascist movement in Italy, forming the fascist party in 1919

Fascist

A government with one leader who has complete power; oppresses opposition/religion/race/commerce

Bolshevik

A Russian revolutionary group who overtook control of Russias government in November 1917

Reparations

The act or process of making amends for a wrong

Plebiscite

A direct vote where a country's people have the decision to approve or reject a proposal

Mandates

Overseas territories taken from the defeated countries at the end of WW1

Treaty of London

A secret treaty that planned to split the former Triple Alliance, Italian Involvement, and weaken the eastern and western fronts (Made territorial promises to Italy if they were to join the Triple Entente)

Four Power Treaty

The treaty in which the USA, Britain, France, and Japan agreed to respect each others rights in the Pacific and Far East, and to discuss any future conflict by negotiation; Also ended Britain and Japans alliance

Minority Group

People who are singled out for unequal treatment and regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination

Communism

The economic ideology that advocates for a classless society in which all property and wealth are communally owned, instead of being owned by individuals