CH 6: Anatomy of Articulation and Resonance

Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms related to the anatomy of articulation and resonance, based on lecture notes.

Articulation

The process of bringing two elements together, such as elevating the tongue tip to the alveolar ridge to produce a /t/ sound.

Articulatory System

The system of mobile plus immobile articulators that can be brought into contact for shaping speech sounds.

Source-Filter Theory of Vowel Production

Explains how vowel sounds begin at the vocal folds and are filtered through the vocal tract to sound differently.

Resonant Frequency

The frequency of sound to which a cavity most effectively responds, based on its size and shape.

Mobile Articulators

Articulators that can move, such as the tongue, mandible, velum, and lips.

Immobile Articulators

Articulators that do not move, such as the alveolar ridge, hard palate, and teeth.

Mandible

The large, unpaired bone that makes up the lower jaw.

Maxillae

Paired bones that make up the upper jaw and anterior 2/3 of the hard palate.

Palatine Bones

Horizontal plates of these bones make up the posterior 1/3 of the hard palate.

Incisors

Teeth used for cutting things we eat.

Molars

Large, flat teeth used for grinding.

Dental Occlusion

The bringing together of upper and lower teeth; necessary for mastication (chewing).

Class I Occlusal Relationship

First molar of the mandibular arch is one-half tooth advanced of the first maxillary molar.

Class I Malocclusion

Normal orientation of molars, but abnormal orientation of incisors.

Class II Malocclusion

First mandibular molars are retracted at least one tooth from the first maxillary molars.

Class III Malocclusion

First mandibular molar is advanced more than one tooth beyond the first maxillary molar.

Vocal Tract

Includes the pharyngeal, oral, and nasal cavities; sound resonates here to make specific speech sounds.

Orbicularis Oris

Helps to achieve bilabial seal for speech sounds like /p, b, m/; pursing of lips; closure of lips while eating.

Risorius

Retracts (spreads) corners of mouth for sounds like the vowel sound in “eat”; also retracts lips to smile.

Buccinator

Helps to move food onto grinding surfaces of molars during swallowing; contraction constricts oropharynx; contributes to normal muscle tone.

Superior Longitudinal (Intrinsic Lingual Muscle)

Elevates the tip of the tongue.

Inferior Longitudinal (Intrinsic Lingual Muscle)

Pulls the tip of the tongue downward.

Transverse (Intrinsic Lingual Muscle)

Pulls the edges of the tongue toward the midline; narrows the tongue.

Vertical (Intrinsic Lingual Muscle)

Pulls the tongue down into the floor of the mouth.

Levator Veli Palatini

Elevates soft palate.

Musculus Uvulae

Makes up the uvula.

Tensor Veli Palatini

Tenses soft palate to pull Eustachian tubes open; when open, air pressure in middle ear equalizes.

Palatoglossus

Makes up anterior faucial pillar.

Palatopharyngeus

Makes up the posterior faucial pillar.