Political Ideology
The set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government held by groups and individuals
Minor Parties
Third parties; typically do not win major elections but often bring more voters into the electorate; often spoil elections for a major party; may bring issues that the major parties will adopt
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Political Ideology
The set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government held by groups and individuals
Minor Parties
Third parties; typically do not win major elections but often bring more voters into the electorate; often spoil elections for a major party; may bring issues that the major parties will adopt
Conservative
a political ideology that emphasizes tradition, limited government, and free markets.
Liberal
a political ideology that advocates for social equality, government involvement in the economy, and the protection of civil liberties.
Moderate
a political ideology that seeks a middle ground between conservative and liberal views, often advocating for compromise on various issues.
Partisan
relating to or characteristic of a strong supporter of a party, cause, or person, often showing bias in favor of that party.
Bipartisan
involving cooperation or agreement between two major political parties, especially in the context of governance or policy-making.
Nonpartisan
not affiliated with or biased towards any political party, often focusing on objective or impartial actions.
Independent
A voter or politician not affiliated with any established political party, often valuing individual candidates or issues over party loyalty.
Political Party
an organized group of people who share similar political ideologies and seek to influence government policy by getting their candidates elected.
538
the total number of electoral votes in the United States Electoral College, used to elect the President and Vice President.
270
the minimum number of electoral votes necessary to win the presidency in the United States.
Electoral College
a body of electors established by the United States Constitution that formally elects the President and Vice President.
Elector
a member of the Electoral College who is appointed to vote for President and Vice President.
Number of representatives + number of senators
Number of electors a state gets in the electoral college
Maine and Nebraska
States that split their votes proportionally
Popular Vote
The total number of votes cast by citizens in an election, which can influence the allocation of electors in the Electoral College.
Winner Take All
Laws in most states that award all of a state's electoral votes to the candidate who wins the most popular votes in that particular state
Swing State
A state where both major political parties have similar levels of support among voters, making it a crucial target for campaigns in elections.
Election Day
The designated day on which general elections are held, occurring on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Loyalist
American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, opposing independence.
Patriot
American colonists who supported independence from Britain during the American Revolutionary War, fighting against Loyalists.
miltia
A group of ordinary citizens organized to provide military service and support, often in times of emergency.
tyranny
the oppressive or unjust use of power by a government or ruler.
repeal
to revoke or annul a law or act, often in response to public dissatisfaction.
boycott
a refusal to buy or use goods and services as a form of protest.
propaganda
Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause.
Stamp act
law that required colonists to buy a stamp for every piece of paper they used
French and Indian War
A conflict between the British and the French (allied with Native Americans) that left Great Britain with more territory but immense debt
Quartering Act
law that ordered colonial assemblies to provide British troops in the colonies with housing
Boston Massacre
event on March 5th, 1770 where a mob of people in Boston were shot on by British troops. The question arises if it was massacre or self-defense by the soldiers
Boston Tea Party
On December 16th, 1773 the sons of liberty destroyed thousands of pounds of tea in the port of Boston. This was done to fight back against the British Parliament only allowing British goods sold in America
Proclamation of 1763
a line drawn by King George III that kept the colonists from moving westward (and into Native Americans)
Intolerable Acts
Tea Act
Attempt to rescue the British East India Company, lowered the price of British Tea and gave the British East India Company control over sale in the colonies
First Continental Congress
Held in September 1774, brought 50 delegates from 12 colonies. The delegates agreed to send a respectful message to King George urging him to consider their complaints. Also agreed to boycott British goods
Lexington and Concord
First battles of the Revolutionary War. Started with British troops attempting to seize guns/ammunition in the colonies and Paul Revere's warning. The British handled the threat in Lexington but met major resistance in Concord. The War had truly begun
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the Declaration of Independence - 3rd POTUS
2nd Continental Congress
Approved the creation of a Continental Army and the Declaration of Independence.
Grievance
a complaint or resentment, as against an unjust or unfair act
inalienable rights
means a natural right that everybody gets from birth that cannot be taken away
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
the 3 Unalienable Rights that were listed in the Declaration that all humans receive from birth
July 4th 1776
Declaration of Independence/America’s birthday
Delegate
a person chosen or elected to vote or act for others; a representative
Articles of Confederation
the first written plan of government for the U.S. An association of states that cooperate for a common purpose.
Constitutional Convention
a meeting held in Philadelphia in 1787 at which delegates from the states wrote the U.S. Constitution.
Republic
a country governed by elected representatives
Constitution
a written plan that provides the basic framework of a government.
Great Compromise
established a two-house Congress. House of Reps- based on state population. Senate, two senators per state.
three-fifths compromise
slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a person when determining a state's population for representation in the House of Reps.
Ratify
to formally approve a plan or agreement.ratify
The federalist papers
series of essays written in support of the ratification of the Constitution by the states.
Shay’s rebellion
a 1786 revolt in Massachusetts led by farmers in reaction to high taxes
Virginia Plan
-large state plan that proposed representation based on population size.
-Proposed by James Madison
New Jersey Plan
proposal for a legislature in which each state would have one vote
Federalist
Supporters of the Constitution
Anti-Federalist
Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption.
Federalism
A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
Popular sovereignty
A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
Legislative Branch
Branch of government that makes laws
Excecutive Branch
Branch of government that enforces the laws
Judicial Branch
The branch of government that interprets laws
checks and balances
Methods to balance power
Judicial Review
Review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act
Interstate commerce
trade and other business dealings that cross state lines
federalism
A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
Majority Rule
idea that the greatest number of people in society can make policies for everyone
Interest group
Is an organization that represents the concerns of a particular group