Psychodynamic Approach

What is repression

This is unconsciously pushing distressing or traumatic experiences into the unconscious mind to avoid emotional pain

What is denial?

This is the refusal of acknowledging reality

What is displacement?

This is taking out your emotion on a safer target when you are unable to at the moment.

What is the first psychosexual stage, the cause of fixations and the consequences of those fixations

Oral- this pleasure comes from the mouth due to the mothers breast(0-18months)

The cause of the fixation is due to being weaned off too early, late or erratically.

A consequence of this is you could be orally passive which is you being sarcastic or overly critical

You may have oral fixation like chewing, smoking, over eating or drinking,

You may become orally aggressive both physically or verbally

What is the second psychosexual stage, the cause of the fixations and the consequences of the fixations?

Anal this is the pleasure from withholding faeces and defecating (18-3yrs)

This is due to being too strict when being potty trained, too relaxed or erratically potty trained

A consequence is being anally retentive- , over neat and critical

Anally expulsive-unable to control your emotions, thoughtless, carefree, being too uptight

What is the third psychosexual stage the cause of the fixations and the consequences of those fixations?

Phallic stage(3-5/6yrs) this is the pleasure of self-exploration and recognising the different genders

The cause of a fixation is due to being judged which lead to the repression of those thought, they may have had emotionally unavailable parents during that time with led to a lack of guidance and the Oedipus complex

The consequences of this is the child having a phallic fixation where you have vanity, self-obsessed,narcissism, over ambition and you may be impulsive

The fourth psychosexual stage the cause of fixations and the consequences of those fixations?

Latent stage This is when the child is able to be a child 6-13 and their libido is displaced which is why there are no fixation at this stage in their life.

What is the fifth psychosexual stage, the causes of those fixations and the consequences of those fixations?

The last one is the genital stage which occurs 13+ this stage depends on all the other stages that happened in your life but if it doesn’t go well then it may cause a genital fixation which means it is difficult to get into heterosexual relationships making it extremely difficult to penetrate

How is culture/gender an evaluation point for the psychodynamic approach?

Freud mainly focused on white western males which meant that his case studies can’t be generalisable.

How are case studies used to evaluate the psychodynamic approach?

These are used as Freud mainly used his data from his patients which means that if isn’t replicable or falsifiable.

How is the psychodynamic approach subjective?

The data used from little Hans was written from the perspective of his dad and Freud never went to meet Little Hans which means it could be bias and unreliable

How is the ‘talking cure’ used to defend the psychodynamic approach?

The talking cure is still used today for most mental issues however it cant be used for all for example schizophrenia

How is neuroscience used in support of the psychodynamic approach?

The McCroy study performed in 2010 showed that our brains fully develop when we reach adulthood and it also tells us their childhood experiences do affect our later life which is what Freud is about.

What is the ID

This is the pleasure principle and our survival instinct

What is the SUPEREGO?

This is the morality principle that recognises right from wrong

What is the EGO?

This is the reality principle that is the mediator between the ID and SUPEREGO