JLPT N5 Essential Vocabulary – Core Terms Overview

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Vocabulary-style flashcards highlighting common JLPT N5 words and phrases found throughout the provided lecture notes. Each card gives the Japanese term (kana/kanji where relevant) with a clear English definition to aid quick memorization.

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119 Terms

1
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わたし (watashi)

I; me (1st-person singular pronoun) – polite, gender-neutral

2
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あなた (anata)

you (2nd-person singular); rarely used in Japanese conversation

3
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かれ (kare)

he; boyfriend

4
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かのじょ (kanojo)

she; girlfriend

5
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さん (-san)

polite name suffix equivalent to Mr./Ms.

6
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ちゃん (-chan)

affectionate name suffix for children or close friends

7
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おなまえ (o-namae)

(your) name

8
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はい / ええ

yes (hai = formal; ee = casual)

9
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いいえ

no / not so

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おはよう / おはようございます

good morning (informal / formal)

11
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こんにちは

good afternoon / hello

12
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こんばんは

good evening

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さようなら

good-bye (formal, long separation)

14
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じゃ、また

see you later

15
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おやすみなさい

good night

16
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ありがとう / ありがとうございます

thank you (casual / polite)

17
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どういたしまして

you’re welcome

18
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はじめまして

nice to meet you (first time)

19
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どうぞよろしく

please treat me favorably / nice to meet you (closing)

20
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かぞく (kazoku)

family

21
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りょうしん (ryōshin)

parents

22
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ちち (chichi)

(my) father

23
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はは (haha)

(my) mother

24
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あに / あね

older brother / older sister (my)

25
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おとうと / いもうと

younger brother / younger sister

26
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おとうさん / おかあさん

someone else’s (or honorary) dad / mom

27
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おじいさん / おばあさん

grandfather / grandmother

28
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いぬ / ねこ

dog / cat

29
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なんにん (nan-nin)

how many people?

30
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ひとり / ふたり

one person / two people

31
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くに (kuni)

country, nation

32
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どちら

which (of two) / where (polite)

33
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〜からきました

came from 〜

34
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〜じん (-jin)

person of ‑- nationality

35
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ちず (chizu)

map

36
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せかい (sekai)

world

37
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がっこう (gakkō)

school (general)

38
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しょうがっこう / ちゅうがっこう / こうこう

elementary / junior-high / high school

39
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だいがく (daigaku)

university

40
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せんせい (sensei)

teacher; doctor; master

41
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がくせい (gakusei)

student

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りゅうがくせい (ryūgakusei)

foreign / exchange student

43
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きょうしつ (kyōshitsu)

classroom

44
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いく / くる / かえる

to go / to come / to return (home)

45
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いち (ichi) – じゅう (jū)

numbers 1–10

46
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〜じ (-ji)

o’clock

47
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〜ふん/ぷん

minutes

48
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ごぜん / ごご

a.m. / p.m.

49
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きょう / あした / きのう

today / tomorrow / yesterday

50
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まいにち

every day

51
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しゅうまつ

weekend

52
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べんきょう (benkyō)

study

53
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れんしゅう (renshū)

practice

54
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しゅくだい

homework

55
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じしょ

dictionary

56
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でんしじしょ

electronic dictionary

57
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もんだい / こたえ / れい

question / answer / example

58
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かぞえる (basic)

to count (general counter ‑つ)

59
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はたらく

to work (general labor)

60
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かいしゃ (kaisha)

company, firm

61
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ぎんこう (ginkō)

bank

62
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じむしょ

office

63
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かいぎ / かいぎしつ

meeting / meeting room

64
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でんわ (denwa)

telephone

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もしもし

hello (on the phone)

66
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でんわばんごう

telephone number

67
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おしえる / きく

to teach, tell / to ask, listen

68
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ざんぎょう

overtime work

69
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しゅっちょう

business trip

70
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これ / それ / あれ / どれ

this / that / that over there / which one

71
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この / その / あの / どの + noun

this ~ / that ~ / that ~ over there / which ~

72
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かさ (kasa)

umbrella

73
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はこ (hako)

box

74
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はし / スプーン / フォーク / ナイフ

chopsticks / spoon / fork / knife

75
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かう (kau)

to buy

76
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かいもの (kaimono)

shopping

77
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いくら

how much (price)

78
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たかい / やすい

expensive / cheap

79
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おかね / こまかいおかね

money / small change

80
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みせ / デパート / コンビニ

shop / department store / convenience store

81
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やさい / くだもの / にく / さかな

vegetable / fruit / meat / fish

82
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ぎゅうにく / ぶたにく / とりにく

beef / pork / chicken

83
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ごはん / パン / めん (e.g., ラーメン)

rice / bread / noodles

84
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のみもの

drinks, beverages

85
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みず / おゆ / おちゃ / こうちゃ / コーヒー

water / hot water / green tea / black tea / coffee

86
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さとう / しお / しょうゆ

sugar / salt / soy sauce

87
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レストラン / しょくどう

restaurant / cafeteria

88
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あまい / からい / おいしい

sweet / spicy-hot / tasty

89
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おなかがすく / のどがかわく

to become hungry / thirsty

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いただきます / ごちそうさまでした

phrase before eating / after eating

91
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しゅみ (shumi)

hobby

92
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スポーツ / サッカー / テニス

sports / soccer / tennis

93
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おんがく / うた / うたう

music / song / to sing

94
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ピアノ / ギター

piano / guitar

95
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え (e) / しゃしん (shashin)

picture, painting / photograph

96
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てんき

weather

97
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あめ / ゆき / くもり / はれ

rain / snow / cloudy / clear

98
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あつい / さむい / すずしい / あたたかい

hot / cold (weather) / cool / warm

99
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のりもの

vehicles, transportation

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でんしゃ / しんかんせん / ちかてつ

train / Shinkansen / subway