Properties and Bonds of Metals and Non-Metals

Metals

Shiny, malleable, ductile, solid at room temperature.

Non-metals

11 gases, 5 solids, 1 liquid (bromine).

Metalloids

Exhibit properties of metals and non-metals.

Periodic Table

Groups are vertical; periods are horizontal.

Atomic Number

Number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

Ionic Bonds

Formed by attraction of oppositely charged ions.

Ion

Group of atoms with an electrical charge.

Cation

Positively charged ion (loses electrons).

Anion

Negatively charged ion (gains electrons).

Ionic Compounds

Named with metal first, non-metal ends in -ide.

Chemical Formula

Representation of compounds, e.g., MgO, CaBr₂.

Polyatomic Ions

Charged entities composed of multiple atoms.

Covalent Bonds

Electrons are shared between atoms, e.g., H₂O.