Reactivity of metals

reactivity

The ease with which a chemical substance takes part in a chemical reaction

State the reactivity series and your mnemonic

People say charlie may admire carmen’s zealous individuality, huh?, cuh see God

Potassium

Sodium

Calcium

Magnesium

Aluminium

Carbon

Zinc

Iron

Hydrogen

Copper

Silver

Gold

What are Group I metals and what must be done to them to avoid what

Group I metals are the most reactive of all the metals and must be kept under oil to avoid reaction with moist water

How do alkali metals react with water and what are the products

Alkali metals react spontaneously with water producing hydrogen gas and the metal hydroxide

what type of reactions are alkali metals with water

exothermic

Example of alkali metals react spontaneously with water

2Li + 2H2O makes 2LiOH + H2

How does magnesium react with cold water

very slowly

when does magnesium react strong

when steam is passed over the heated magnesium

What does Calcium react strongly with

cold water

Calcium hydroxide is more soluble than what

Magnesium hydroxide

what is the product for Calcium hydroxide

limewater

What metals react with steam and not cold water to form the oxide

Aluminium, Zinc, Iron, Tin

example of a aluminium reacting with steam and not cold water

Al + 3H2O makes Al2O3 + 3H2

Which metals don’t react with water or steam

Lead, Copper, Silver, and Gold

Which metals react with dilute acid in a very violent and dangerous manner

Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, and Calcium

chemical equation for potassium reacting with dilute acid

2K + 2HCL makes 2KCL + H2

would equation when a metal reacts with an acid

metal + acid makes metal salt + hydrogen gas

which metals react reasonably well with acids

Magnesium, Aluminium, Zinc, Iron, Tin, and Lead

example of zinc reacting with sulfuric acid

Zn + H2SO4 makes ZnSO4 + H2

what metals don’t react with dilute acids

Copper, Silver, and Gold

why does Aluminium react less strongly than expected

because Aluminium reacts easily with oxygen in the air

What does the Aluminum oxide form

Forms a thin layer of Al2O3 that extends over the whole metal surface

Why doesn’t the unreactive oxide metal flake off

The unreactive oxide layer is very firmly attached to the metal and doesn’t flake off

What does the layer act as, and what does it lead to

The layer acts as a protective coating slowing the reaction

displacement reaction

A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a solution of its salt

Zn chemical equation of displacement reaction with CuSO4 include the colours

Zn + CuSO4 makes ZnSO4 + Cu

Zn: grey

CuSO4: blue

ZnSO4: colourless

Cu: red-brown

Reactive metals are good what agents

good reducing agents

Oxidation is the…

loss of electrons

Reduction is the…

gain of electrons

example of zinc and copper being reducing and oxidizing agents (ionic equation)

Zn + Cu2+ makes Zn2+ + Cu

which is the reducing agent and why

Zn as it loses electrons, it’s oxidized, and its oxidation number increases

why is Cu2+ the oxidizing agent

-it’s reduced

-it’s oxidation number decreases

-it gains electrons

What does the more reactive metal do

The more reactive metal loses electrons to become positive ions