Pancreas

What type of organ is the pancreas?

Where is it located?

Is is part of the peritoneum?

accessory organ

posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach

retroperitoneal gland

What does the pancreas consist of?describe 

head: expanded portion, near the duodenum

body: central portion

tail: tapering tail 

What are the two ducts of the pancreas?

pancreatic and accessory duct 

Pancreatic duct 

• where does it run from and what does it pick up?

• what other duct does it join with? and to where?

runs from the tail and down, picking up the secretions of acinar cells 

Pancreas

• what other duct does it join with? and to where?

unites with the common bile duct from the liver and gallbladder and drains pancreatic juice into the duodenum at the hepatopancreatic ampulla

Pancreas: accessory duct 

• where does it lead from and where does it secrete 

leads from the pancreas and empties into the duodenum 

Sphincter of Oddi

• also known as?

Sphincter of the hepatopancreatic ampulla

• located in the duodenal papilla, opens into the duodenum 

Hepatopancreatic ampulla A small, raised area in the

• also called?

• where is it?

• what is it?

• where does it empty into?

also called the ampulla of Vater

raised area in the duodenum 

widen duct, where the combined common

bile duct and main pancreatic duct empty

into the duodenum

What are the exocrine cells?

acinar and ductal cells 

What are the endocrine cells?

What do they secrete?

islets 

alpha: glucagon

beta: insulin 

delta: somatostatin 

f cells: pancreatic polypeptide 

Exocrine: Acinar cells 

• what type? function?

secrete digestive enzymes

• pancreatic amylase: starch digesting enzyme

• trypsin: digest proteins into peptides

Exocrine: Ductal cells 

• what does it secrete? function?

bicarbonate to maintain the proper pH for enzymes to function 

How is pancreatic juice formed?

formed by the mixture of secretions of digestive enzymes and fluid by acinar cells 

What does the pancreas deliver? What does it assist with? 

delivers pancreatic juice to the duodenum via the pancreatic duct to assist absorption