L13 Quality Management

What is the definition of quality in manufacturing?

Consistent conformance to customer expectations.

What is a specification in quality management?

Something measurable or evaluable to determine product quality.

What is the definition of quality in manufacturing?

Consistent conformance to customer expectations.

What is a specification in quality management?

Something measurable or evaluable to determine product quality.

What are the 6 steps to achieve conformance to specification?

1. Define product quality characteristics

2. Decide how to measure each characteristic

3. Set standards

4. Control quality

5. Identify and fix causes

6. Continuously improve.

Name five common quality management tools.

Process control charts, fishbone diagrams, five whys, Pareto analysis, scatter diagrams.

What are process control charts used for?

To monitor process consistency and detect when a process is drifting out of control.

What do LCL and UCL stand for?

Lower Control Limit and Upper Control Limit.

What is Statistical Process Control (SPC)?

Advanced analysis method using statistics to monitor and control processes.

What is a fishbone diagram used for?

To identify root causes of a problem by categorizing potential causes (e.g. machinery, methods, materials).

What is a Pareto diagram?

A chart that identifies the most significant factors contributing to a problem (80/20 rule).

What is a scatter diagram used for in quality control?

To visualize correlations between two variables.

What are the two types of quality control sampling errors?

Type 1 (false positive – reject good product), Type 2 (false negative – accept bad product).

Give an example of a Type 1 and Type 2 error.

Type 1: Rejecting a good food product (scrappage cost)

Type 2: Accepting a spoiled food product (unhappy customer).

What are the benefits of good quality control in manufacturing?

Higher customer satisfaction, fewer defects, cost savings, better compliance, improved reputation.

What is Total Quality Management (TQM)?

A system-wide quality approach with strong customer focus and continuous improvement.

What is Six Sigma?

A method to reduce defects to fewer than 3.4 per million opportunities.

What is Lean quality philosophy?

Aims for instant demand fulfilment with perfect quality and zero waste.

What does Lean focus on besides capacity?

Throughput time and customer-triggered processes.

What is ISO 9001?

A certification for organizations with compliant quality management systems, verified by third-party audits.

Name the 8 principles of ISO 9001.

1. Customer focus

2. Leadership

3. People involvement

4. Process approach

5. System-based management

6. Continual improvement

7. Fact-based decisions

8. Supplier relationships.