Period Trends

higher ionization energy

higher ionization energy

outermost electron is closer to nucleus/lower energy level Fa is greater more energy is required to remove the electron

higher atomic radius

less protons Fa is lower less energy is needed to remove the electron

Li outermost electron is in a lower energy level outermost electron is closer to nucleus Fa is greater more energy is required to remove the electron

Which has a higher ionization energy, Li or Na? And why?

Na more energy levels higher energy levels are further from the nucleus Fa is less

Which has a larger atomic radius? Li or Na? And why?

B less protons Fa is lower less energy needed to remove outermost electron

Which has a lower ionization energy? B or F? Why?

F more protons Fa is greater outermost electron is closer to nucleus

Which has a lower radius? B or F? Why?

ionization energy

depends on distance between outermost electron and nucleus less Fa=lower energy outermost electron is closer=higher energy

atomic radius

depends on the amount of protons

• when energy levels are the same, rely on protons less Fa=higher atomic radius outermost electron is closer=higher