Bones of the Upper and Lower Extremities

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to the bones of the upper and lower extremities discussed in the lecture.

What is the Ulna and what are two primary characteristics?

• The medial bone of the lower forearm (pinky finger side).

• Proximal end is wrench-shaped, crucial for elbow joint articulation.

• Forms a hinge joint with the humerus, enabling forearm movement.

how can you determine the correct orientation of the ulna?

locate the proximal end by identifying the wrench shaped end and locate the medial side by ensuring the trochlear notch faces the midline

What is the olecranon process commonly called?

elbow

What is the Trochlear Notch?

A large, C-shaped concave indentation on the anterior proximal ulna. (looks like a wrench head)

What is the Coronoid Process and its function?

• A triangular, pointed projection on the distal (lower) trochlear notch of the ulna.

• Serves as an insertion site for the brachialis muscle.

• Crucial for elbow flexion, contributing to forearm bending.

What is the Styloid Process of the ulna?

A small, pointed bony projection at the distal (far) end of the ulna.

What is the Radius bone?

The lateral bone of the forearm, shorter than the ulna.

how can you determine the correct orientation of the radius?

by identifying the anterior side by the radial tuberosity and identifying the lateral side by the styloid process

What is the Radial Tuberosity?

A roughened bump distal to the neck of the radius serving as the insertion site for the biceps brachii.

What are the 8 Carpal Bones?

Proximal Row: Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform.

Distal Row: Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.

(some lovers try positions that they can’t handle)

What is the largest carpal bone?

capitate

What is the Ilium?

The largest, uppermost, wing-like part of the pelvis

What is the superior part of the ilium called?

iliac crest

What is the Ischium?

The lower, posterior, and strongest quarter of the pelvic bones.

when we are sitting down what are we bearing weight on?

ischial tuberosities

What is the Pubis in the pelvic structure?

The anterior and lower quarter of the pelvic bones.

What is the Acetabulum?

A deep, cup-like socket formed by the ilium, ischium, and pubis which articulates with the femoral head

Where does the Sciatic Nerve pass through in the pelvis?

the greater sciatic notch

Which is the largest and strongest bone in the human body?

Femur

What is the Greater Trochanter?

A large bony projection on the lateral proximal femur.

What is the primary function of the Tibia?

articulates with the femur and talus to function as the weight-bearing bone.

What is the Tibial Tuberosity?

A large, roughened bump on the proximal anterior tibia serving as the insertion site of the quadriceps

how can you determine the correct orientation of the tibia?

by locating the tibial tuberosity to determine the anterior side and observing the medial malleolus to determine the medial side.

What is the Lateral Malleolus?

A distinct bony prominence at the distal (lower) end of the fibula

What is the Calcaneus?

The largest tarsal bone, forming the heel bone of the foot.