Exam 1 Study Guide

What is the guiding principle that assists in deciding what goals are the most important in recording conflicting values?

ethics

Who are the people that contributed nothing substantive to the paper, but they use academic blackmail to have their names included?

honorary authors

What refers to collecting data for one study and then publishing several articles based on one large set of data, rather than publishing all the findings in one article?

partial publication

What refers to publishing the same data and results in more than one journal or other publications?

duplicated publication

Who is the board that exists at all major research institutions and receive federal funds for research?

IRB (institutional review board)

According to the APA ethics code, who is ultimately responsible for maintaining ethical standards throughout a research study?

researcher

What refers to the principle that the research participant should be fully informed about all aspects of the study?

informed consent

What refers to deception by omission (where certain is information is withheld from the research participants)

passive deception

What refers to debriefing that participants about any deception that the experimenter may have used?

dehoaxing

Operational measurements can be ——

arbitrary

What is the process of strictly defining variables into measurable factors?

operationalization

Give an operation definition for income earning ability

monthly salary, yearly salary, etc.

Give an operational definition for anxiety

excessive movement (foot tapping, cracking knuckles, biting nails, etc.) isolation, withdrawal

define and give operational definition

define exact measuring method used and allows other scientists to follow exactly the same methodology

Independent variable

variable that is changed

dependent variable

variable that is measured (the effect of changing the independent)

experimental group

the group that receives the treatment or variable being tested

control group

the group that does not receive the treatment and serves as a baseline for comparison

What is a double blind study?

neither subjects or researcher know which subjects are experimental or control

(T/F) All drugs approved by the FDA undergo double blind study.

true

Quasi-experimental designs are not ——

randomized

Internal validity

the degree to which a study's results are trustworthy and can be used to establish a cause-and-effect relationship

external validity

measure of how well a study's findings can be generalized to a broader context

Interval method of observing/recording behavior

dividing the observation period into discrete time intervals and to record whether a behavior occurs within each interval

frequency method of observing/recording behaviors

Recording the number of times a particular behavior occurs within a time period

durative method of observing/recording behaviors

recording how long a behavior lasts

finding a research idea: personal

sources of information (ie reading, watching TV, listening to the radio) that reveal problems that need solutions

finding a research idea: introspection

analyzing your own behavior

finding a research idea: interpersonal strategy

asking others about ideas for research, listen to lectures, ask others about topics of interest without specific questions

(T/F) Journals are primary sources

true

(T/F) textbooks are primary sources

false