Energy systems

3 energy systems

ATP-CP, anaerobic, aerobic

all 3 energy systems are used…

at the same time

how is max HR calculated

220 - age = max HR

ATP

adenosine triphosphate

mitochondria

produces ATP

2 types of muscle fibres

fast twitch and slow twitch

anaerobic

without oxygen

aerobic

with oxygen

PC stand for

Phosphate creatine

ADP stand for

adenosine diphosphate

what is ADP

ATP which has spilt off one of its phosphate molecules and now only has 2

ATP-PC system works

without oxygen

what is the role of PC

donates a phosphate molecule tp the ADP to again make it ATP

What enzyme helps ATP-PC system work

creatine kinase

ATP-PC fuel source

creatine phosphate

ATP-PC intensity

95% max HR+

ATP-PC peak power

2-4 seconds

ATP-PC yield

0.7 - 1 ATP, low

ATP-PC rate

explosive

ATP-PC duration

0-10 seconds

examples of activities which predominately use ATP-PC

100m sprint, 50m swim, shot put, long jump

ATP-PC had a … recovery

passive

how long does it take ATP-PC system to 50% replenish

30 seconds

how long does it take ATP-PC system to 98% replenish

3 minutes

anaerobic glycolysis works

without oxygen

name of reaction

anaerobic gylcolysis

anaerobic glycolysis main fuel source

glycogen

glycogen

sugar

anaerobic glycolysis intensity

85-95% max HR

anaerobic glycolysis peak power

5-15 seconds

anaerobic glycolysis yield

2-3 APT, low

anaerobic glycolysis rate

fast

anaerobic glycolysis duration

10-75 seconds

examples of activities which predominately use anaerobic glycolysis

400m sprint, 100m swim, gymnastics routine

anaerobic is the production of

lactic acid

lactic acid is made up of

hydrogenions and lactate

lactic acid is responsible for

muscle contractions

anaerobic has a … recovery

active

LIP stands for

lactate inflection point

LIP refers to

the moment when lactate production exceeds lactate removal

OBLA stands for

onset of blood lactate

OBLA is the

point at which blood lactate levels begin to rise rapidly

aerobic works

with oxygen

aerobic main fuel source at rest

fats

aerobic main fuel source at intensity

carbohydrates, fats and protein

aerobic intensity

85% max HR and below

aerobic peak power

30-90 seconds

aerobic yield

36 ATP for carbs and 441 ATP for fats, high

aerobic rate

moderate to low

aerobic duration

75 seconds +

examples of activities which predominately use aerobic

marathon, cross-country skiing

main waste products from aerobic

carbon dioxide, heat and water

why does HR and breathing rate increase whilst you exercise aerobically

you need to meet oxygen supply to get out to working muscles to create more ATP and be able to break down more metabolic waste

what is the down side to using fats for aerobic exercises

requires more oxygen to break it down

what does “hitting the wall” mean

when all your carbohydrate stores are used up and now must start to use fats which require more oxygen so exercise becomes harder

what is the last possible fuel source for ATP synthesis when working aerobically

proteins as it means the breaking down of muscles

what cycle of breaking down pyruvic acid with assistance of oxygen

Kerb’s cycle

aerobic has a … recovery

passive