Chapter 23: Aging Adults

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to aging adults, focusing on physiological, cognitive, psychosocial changes, and the role of healthcare professionals.

Aging

The process of becoming older, which involves changes in cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.

Genetic clock

A theory suggesting that aging is controlled by genes and biological factors.

Immunity

The ability of the body to resist infection and disease, which can be maintained through a healthy lifestyle.

Cross linkage theory

A theory that posits chemical reactions produce damage to DNA, contributing to aging.

Free radicals

Unstable molecules that can damage cellular components, contributing to aging and disease.

WHIP theory

A theory of aging that focuses on cell metabolism and function, particularly regarding free radicals.

Middle adulthood

The stage of life between ages 40 and 65, characterized by various psychological and physical changes.

Cognitive changes in middle adulthood

Little change from young adulthood; usually retains capacity for learning unless affected by disease.

Psychosocial changes in middle adulthood

Increased personal freedom, economic stability, and evolving social relationships.

Developmental tasks of middle adulthood

Accepting physical changes, maintaining a job, supporting adult children, and relationship adjustments.

Leading causes of death in middle adulthood

Cancer, cardiovascular disease, unintentional injuries, and diabetes.

Acute illnesses

Short-term conditions that arise suddenly and require immediate care.

Chronic illnesses

Long-term health conditions that may require ongoing management.

Alcoholism

A chronic disease characterized by an inability to control alcohol consumption.

Role of the nurse

Promoting health, preventing illness, teaching healthy lifestyle changes, and serving as a role model.

Health screenings

Recommended medical exams and tests for early detection of health issues.

Life changes in middle adulthood

Employment changes, relationship dynamics, and shifting family roles.

Midlife transition

A period in middle adulthood when individuals reassess life goals and relationships.

Physiological changes in older adulthood

Gradual decline of organ systems and overall bodily efficiency.

Cognitive changes in older adulthood

Cognitive abilities typically remain stable, though response times may slow.

Disengagement theory

The theory asserting that older individuals withdraw from social involvement.

Ego integrity vs. despair

Erikson's stage where older adults reflect on their life and either feel fulfillment or regret.

Ageism

Prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on their age, particularly older adults.

Common myths about older adults

Stereotypes that inaccurately generalize the behaviors and characteristics of older people.

Cascade iatrogenesis

A sequence of adverse effects attributable to medical interventions, particularly in frail older adults.

Sundowning syndrome

A phenomenon where a person with dementia becomes confused and agitated in the evening.

Promote independent function

Encouraging older adults to perform activities on their own as much as possible.

SPICES acronym

A mnemonic tool for assessing older adults: Sleep disorders, Problems with eating, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, Skin breakdown.

Elder abuse

Harmful acts toward older adults, which can be physical, emotional, or financial.

Regular exercise benefits

Improves strength, stamina, mood, mental health, and provides social engagement opportunities.

Housing options for older adults

Various living arrangements available to seniors, from independent living to nursing homes.

Accessory apartments

Living spaces created in residential properties for older adults, ensuring independence and support.

Senior retirement communities

Living communities designed for older adults, often featuring age-appropriate amenities.

Assisted living

Residential facilities that provide support for older adults with daily activities while promoting independence.

Long term care

Comprehensive care provided over an extended period, often for individuals with chronic illnesses.

Community resources

Programs and services available to support older adults in maintaining independence.

Importance of nutrition

Healthy eating is essential for aging adults to manage health and prevent illness.

Effects of chronic illness

Long-term health conditions can significantly impact quality of life for older adults.

Physical strength decline

A gradual decrease in muscle mass and strength due to aging.

Eliminating age-related stereotypes

Challenging false notions about older adults to foster better understanding and support.

Coping with aging parents

Strategies for adult children managing the care of their aging parents.

Role reversal in families

Shifts in responsibilities where children care for their aging parents.

Spiritual development in older adults

Many older adults reflect on their beliefs and life perspectives in later years.

Older adults' cognitive flexibility

The ability to adapt thought processes and learn new concepts remains largely intact.

Social engagement opportunities

Activities that encourage older adults to connect with others and contribute to their communities.

Technological literacy

The ability of older adults to learn and use technology for personal growth and communication.

Mental health in older adulthood

Older adults can experience mental health challenges, like depression and anxiety.

Medications with older adults

Managing medications carefully is crucial as older adults often take multiple prescriptions.

Adapting healthcare communication

Tailoring communication to meet the specific needs of older patients effectively.

Family roles in elder care

The significant impact that family involvement has on the well-being of older adults.

Resilience in aging

The ability of older adults to cope with life's changes and challenges.

Effective health education

Teaching older adults about health maintenance and healthy behaviors to improve their quality of life.

Caregiver support

Providing aid and resources for those caring for older adults to ease their responsibilities.

Preventing falls in older adults

Identifying risks and implementing strategies to minimize the likelihood of falls.