Instrumental Analysis - Multiple Choice

Which interaction refers to the curvature of a parallel wave after it is passed through a slit ~ the size of the wavelength? a. Emission
b. Polarization
c. Reflection
d. Diffraction
e. Dispersion
f. Elastic Scattering (Rayleigh)

d. Diffraction

Which interaction is measured during as electrons relax and release energy?
a. Emission
b. Absorption
c. Polarization
d. Reflection
e. Diffraction
f. Dispersion

a. Emission

In which interaction do we see a "fanning out" of light by wavelength?
a. Reflection
b. Dispersion
c. Transmission
d. Inelastic (Raman) scattering
e. Polarization
f. Emission

b. Dispersion

Which section of the electromagnetic spectrum allows us to probe a molecule's vibrational states?
a. X-ray
b. Ultraviolet
c. Visible
d. Infrared
e. Microwave

d. Infrared

Which section of the electromagnetic spectrum allows us to probe the energy levels of an atom's core electrons?
a. X-ray
b. Ultraviolet
c. Infrared
d. Microwave
e. Radio

a. X-ray

Which interaction involves the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in speed?
a. Diffraction
b. Dispersion
c. Refraction
d. Emission
e. Reflection
f. Scattering

c. Refraction

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is typically used to probe nuclear spin states in magnetic fields?
a. Ultraviolet
b. Microwave
c. X-ray
d. Infrared
e. Radio
f. Gamma rays

e. Radio

Which interaction involves the absorption of specific wavelengths of light, resulting in promotion of electrons to higher energy levels?
a. Emission
b. Scattering
c. Absorption
d. Reflection
e. Refraction
f. Polarization

c. Absorption

Which phenomenon causes the orientation of light waves to align in a specific direction?
a. Emission
b. Reflection
c. Polarization
d. Dispersion
e. Refraction
f. Diffraction

c. Polarization

Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is best suited to study electronic transitions in conjugated organic molecules?
a. X-ray
b. Ultraviolet
c. Infrared
d. Microwave
e. Radio
f. Gamma ray

b. Ultraviolet

Which interaction occurs when light bounces off a surface at an angle equal to its angle of incidence?
a. Diffraction
b. Reflection
c. Refraction
d. Dispersion
e. Emission
f. Absorption

b. Reflection

Which interaction is responsible for the redirection of light by small particles in the atmosphere, explaining why the sky is blue?
a. Elastic (Rayleigh) Scattering
b. Dispersion
c. Diffraction
d. Emission
e. Reflection
f. Absorption

a. Elastic (Rayleigh) Scattering

Which type of scattering involves a change in the energy (and wavelength) of the incident photons?
a. Elastic (Rayleigh) Scattering
b. Inelastic (Raman) Scattering
c. Diffraction
d. Reflection
e. Transmission
f. Polarization

b. Inelastic (Raman) Scattering

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is commonly used in medical imaging and can penetrate soft tissue?
a. Microwave
b. Ultraviolet
c. X-ray
d. Infrared
e. Radio
f. Visible

c. X-ray

Which phenomenon occurs when a material emits light after absorbing photons, typically at a longer wavelength?
a. Absorption
b. Reflection
c. Fluorescence
d. Diffraction
e. Refraction
f. Polarization

c. Fluorescence

Which interaction causes light to slow down and bend as it passes from air into water?
a. Reflection
b. Dispersion
c. Diffraction
d. Refraction
e. Absorption
f. Scattering

d. Refraction

Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is most useful for studying rotational transitions in molecules?
a. X-ray
b. Ultraviolet
c. Infrared
d. Microwave
e. Visible
f. Gamma ray

d. Microwave

Which phenomenon allows light to be separated into its component wavelengths using a prism or diffraction grating?
a. Polarization
b. Dispersion
c. Reflection
d. Emission
e. Absorption
f. Refraction

b. Dispersion

Which interaction is responsible for the interference pattern seen in a double-slit experiment?
a. Absorption
b. Diffraction
c. Reflection
d. Dispersion
e. Refraction
f. Scattering

b. Diffraction

 Which type of electromagnetic radiation is most effective for ionizing atoms and probing inner-shell electrons?
a. Infrared
b. Ultraviolet
c. X-ray
d. Microwave
e. Visible
f. Radio

c. X-ray