Anatomy chapter 3 & 4 test (cells)

Three major parts of the cell

nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm

Cell membrane fracture

phospholipid bilayer

Lysosome

“garbage disposal” of the cell were enzymes dismantle debris.

cilia

motile extensions of the cell membrane of certain cell types

translation

the process for a cell uses information from messenger RNA to build protein

where is translation?

cytoplasm

transcription

Assembly of an amino acid chain, according to the sequence of base triplets as an Rna copy segment from DNA

where is transcription

nucleus

Active transport

A process that moves particles through membrane from a region of lower concentration to a higher concentration

phospholipid bilayer

a two-layered membrane that forms the fundamental structure of cell membranes and organelles

Mutation

change in a gene. Can occur when bases are changed, added or deleted.

diffusion

a region of high concentration to a lower concentration.(type of passive transport.)

facilitated diffusion

Type of passive transport that moves substances across a cell membrane with help of channel or carrier proteins

what has a double helix structure

DNA molecule

mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell

active process

Requires energy

passive transport

Does not require energy

transcription

copy of a code

transcytosis

transport of HIV across lightning of anus or vagina

apoptosis

removed dead cells

pinocytosis

Processed by which cells take in fluid and small dissolved molecules from its surrounding

phagocytosis

Process or cells called photosites in golf and destroy large particles like bacteria that cells or other things

Pinocytosis is the

Drinking cell

phagocytosis

Eating cell

stem cell

Is self renewal

cytoskeleton

A network of protein filaments that provides structure support and movement to cells. Give cells their shape and movement.

Ribosomes

tiny, spherical, composed protein, and RNA

three phases of ribosome

Initiation, elongation, termination

Vesicles

Membrane sack that stores/transport substances within a cell or between cells

nucleus

controls function of your cell

cell

smallest unit that possesses the character of life

chromatin

Contains info for synthesizing protein

the cell cycle in order his

interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

interphase

Cell growth, genetic material replicates

Mitosis

results into two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes

four stages in mitosis are

Prophase metaphase anaphase telephase

prophase

Chromatin condense into chromosomes

metaphase

chromosomes align midway between the centrimes

anaphase

centimes separate making individual chromosomes

telophase

chromosomes, elongate, and form chromatin threads

cytokinesis

separation of cytoplasm

Cell membrane

a selective permeable barrier that encloses a cell, separating its internal components from the external environment