Art Appreciation Flashcards

Flashcards for Art Appreciation Lecture Notes

Ars

Latin term meaning skill, talent, or ability related to art.

Art

Expression of creative skill and imagination.

Humanities

Fields that include art, philosophy, language, literature, music, religion, and history.

Art as Personal

Self-expression or gratification. Communicating a thought or point to the viewer.

Art as Social

Addresses aspects of collective life as opposed to one person's point of view or experience.

Art as Physical

Works of art are created to perform some service or physical function, like a Fijian war club.

Verbal Art

Art examples include literature (prose or poetry) and oratory (public speaking).

Non-Verbal Art

Art examples include architecture, fashion, design, weaving, ceramics, and photography.

Mixed Art

Art examples include theater and drama, opera, cinema, and performing arts (singing and dancing).

Applied Art

Application of artistic design to utilitarian objects in everyday use, such as architecture, textiles, and furniture.

Fine Art

Works have no function other than providing aesthetic or intellectual stimulation like drawing, painting, and sculpture.

Subject (in Art)

The image that you can easily identify in an art piece.

Representational Art

Art that appears to be very much like how people see them in reality.

Non-Representational Art

Refers to compositions which do not rely on representation or mimesis to any extent; a departure from reality.

Form (in Art)

The overall organization of the artwork and the artist's effort to use elements of art and arrange them according to aesthetic principles.

Content (in Art)

Emotional and intellectual messages of an artwork, including statements, moods, or interpretations developed by an artist.

Artist

Learns to sketch and begins with a pencil and sketchpad to work with an idea, aiming to create an overall reaction from a viewer.

Artisan

Craftsmen who make practical artistic products, such as earrings, urns, stained glass, and other accessories.

Two-Dimensional Art

Art with mathematical dimensions of width and height, bound to work within the frame.

Painting

A process where the artist applies colors to surfaces using a paint brush, painting knives, or rollers.

Watercolor

Painting technique usually done on paper, using water-based solutions to mix colors.

Fresco

Painting technique where the color dries into the plaster and the painting becomes an integral part of the wall.

Tempera

Paints or minerals are mixed with egg yolk or egg white and ore.

Pastel

Stick of dried paste made of pigment ground with chalk and compounded with gum water.

Encaustic

Technique done by applying wax colors with fixed heat.

Oil Painting

Heaviest of the painting mediums, consisting of pigments mixed with linseed oil and applied to the canvas.

Acrylic

Synthetic paint mixed with acrylic emulsion as binder for coating the surface of the artwork. Turns water resistant.

Easel Painting

Painting executed on a portable support, such as a panel or canvas, instead of on a wall.

Mural Painting

Painting done on a large wall.

Relief Painting

Painting technique wherein images are raised on the surface.

Sandro Botticelli

Italian painter of the Early Renaissance from Florence, Italy. Works include Fortitude and The Birth of Venus.

Leonardo da Vinci

Renaissance man skilled in science, mathematics, music, and art. Works include The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.

Raphael Sanzio

Italian architect and painter of the High Renaissance known for the perfection and grace in his artwork. Works include School of Athens.

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Italian Renaissance artist and contender for the title of archetypal Renaissance man. Works include Sistine Chapel ceiling and David.

Fernando Amorsolo

Grand Old Man of Philippine Art and first National Artist (1972). Impressionist painter of rural landscapes.

Carlos "Botong" Fransisco

National Artist for Visual Arts (1973). Painter of fisherfolks in Angono, Rizal and famous for mural paintings at the city hall of Manila.

Juan Luna

Filipino painter and activist. Earned the gold medal at the Exposicion de Bellas Artes in Madrid for his painting, the Spoliarium.

Three-Dimensional Art

Art with actual and real depth that allows it to be viewed across different angles, sometimes called plastic arts.

Architecture

The art of designing and constructing buildings.

Post-Lintel System

Architectural technique with two vertical supports and one horizontal beam on top, example includes Stonehenge.

Great Wall of China

Built by the Qin and Ming dynasty which stretches through North China from East to West.

Chichen Itza

Prominent Mayan city in Mexico, flourished from the 5th to the 13th centuries CE. Has 365 steps representing the solar year, reflects the Mayans' advanced astronomical knowledge.

Petra

Famous archaeological site in Jordan's southwestern desert, with the affectionate name "Rose City".

Machu Picchu

Located where the Peruvian Andes converge with the Amazon Basin, stands as an unparalleled achievement in art, architecture, and land use and is a profound testament to the Inca civilization's legacy.

Christ the Redeemer

Located on the summit of Mount Corcovado in Rio de Janeiro. Crafted in the Art Deco style, this towering 130-foot statue was designed by Heitor da Silva Costa and constructed from reinforced concrete and soapstone.

Colosseum

Ancient amphitheater in Rome. Its multifunctional role included hosting gladiatorial contests, public executions, and diverse events.

Taj Mahal

Located in Agra, India, is an exquisite marble mausoleum, displaying unmatched Mughal architecture.

Angkor Wat

Located in the heart of Cambodia. Attracts millions of visitors annually, captivating them with its beauty and cultural significance.

Juan Nakpil

First national artist for architecture (1973) and Father of Philippine architecture; renovated Quiapo church.

Leandro Locsin

Famous architect known for CCP (Cultural Center Of The Philippines) and PICC (Philippine International Convention Center).

Sculptures

Most of the media used are clay, glass, plastics, wood, stone, or metals.

Carving (Sculpture Technique)

Process where shapes are made by cutting away parts of the original block of wood, stone, and other materials.

Modeling (Sculpture Technique)

Process of adding, rather than taking away, either by adding of parts to a part or the filling out of pre-constructed framework.

Casting (Sculpture Technique)

Process of creating a form by pouring a liquid material into a plaster mold, allowing it to set, washed clean and then removing the mold.

Assemblage (Sculpture Technique)

Artist joins together a variety of materials in such a way that they take on new form and meaning.

Molding (Sculpture Technique)

Manufacturing process of shaping materials into desired forms.

Guillermo Estrella Tolentino

First National Artist for Sculpture (1973) and Father of Philippine Sculpture. Known for Oblation and Bonifacio Monument.

Eduardo Castrillo

Famous sculptor of landmark sculptures, e.g., People power monument.

Napoleon Abueva

Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture. Works: Judas' Kiss and The Transfiguration.

Textile Arts

Arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects.

T'nalak

Colored fabric created by the women of T'boli tribe in South Cotabato.

Pis-yabit or Seputangan

Prized handwoven cloth of the Tausugs of Sulu, usually used as head covering.

Ikat

Ifugao style of weaving that uses a resist dyeing process on either the warp or weft before the threads are woven to create a pattern or design.

Dagmay

Handwoven textile of the Mandaya, made from abaca, involving a mud-dyeing technique.

Inaul

Means "weaved", is a unique fabric woven by Maguindanaon women weavers in Mindanao.

Banig

Mainly produced in the town of Basey, Samar. It involves folding over strips of materials to make unique geometrical designs.

Puso

Connotes the existence of an old method in food preparation. It shows us the wonder of putting rice into it, and seeing the hardwork of the people and the great ingenuity, craftsmanship and creativity of the Cebuanos.

Technological Media (Art)

Artworks designed and produced by means of new media technologies, comprising virtual art, computer graphics, computer animation, digital art, etc.

Photography

Technique of capturing optical images on light-sensitive camera.

Films

Most advanced art that involves visual and audio projections including MOVEMENT.

Computer Arts

Creation of art using software applications such as Adobe Photoshop, Affinity Designer, Clip Studio, Paint Pro, Art Weaver, Art Rage, and etc.

Integrity (Philosophical Theme)

Refers to faithfulness to one's principles.

Proportion/Consonance (Philosophical Theme)

Implies balance or consistency of the elements, emphasized for effect over other elements.

Radiance/Clarity (Philosophical Theme)

Has something to do with the impact or meaning upon the observer.

Line (Element of Art)

Identifiable path created by a point moving in space, one-dimensional and can vary in width, direction, and length.

Vertical Lines

Suggest height, strength, dignity, posture.

Horizontal Lines

Suggest width, distance, calmness, stability.

Diagonal Lines

Suggest action, lack of stability.

Zigzag Lines

Suggest excitement, fear, anxiety, restlessness.

Curved Lines

Suggest comfort and ease; sensual quality of the body.

Shape

Shape and form define objects in space. Shape have two dimensions, height and width are usually defined by lines.

Form

Define objects in space. Form exist in three dimensions with height, width, and depth.

Geometric Shapes

Accurately measured shapes, hence, having mathematical bases.

Free Form Shapes

Irregular in structure and can be characterized by some combinations of curves and angles.

Space

It involves the outer and inner spaces of an artwork. This refers to a hypothetical area in which the subject of art and other elements of art operate.

Positive Space

Refers to the subject or areas of interest in an artwork.

Negative Space

Background or the area that surrounds the subject of the work.

Texture

Surface quality of an object that we sense through touch.

Value

Sometimes called chiaroscuro, refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.

Tinting

Light Values; add White Color

Shading

Dark Values; add Black Color

Color

Property of light.

Warm Colors

Red, Orange, Yellow

Cool Colors

Green, Blue, Violet

Hue

Name of a color.

Intensity (Color)

Brightness or darkness of a color.

Value (Color)

Lightness and darkness of a color.

Primary Colors

Blue, red, yellow.

Secondary Colors

Green, orange, and violet.

Intermediate Colors

Mixing a primary and secondary color.