Module 5 History Test

What year was the signing of the Magna Carta?

1215

What was the purpose of the Magna Carta

Guaranteed no taxation without representation, a jury trial, and the protection of the law

What were the years of the “Dark Ages”?

500-1000 AD

What led to an increase in agriculture during the later “Dark Ages”?

Warmer weather, Used horses instead of oxen, and Three-field system

Parents paid for training, lived with master, trained 2-7 years

Apprentice

Worked with master for salary, produced masterpiece and had to be accepted by guild to become master

Journeyman

Owned own shop, worked with other masters to protect trade

Master

What was the 1st estate that made up the Estates-General in France?

Bishops

What was the 2nd estate that made up the Estates-General in France?

lords

What was the 3rd estate that made up the Estates-General in France?

Commoners

Who was the pope that called for the 1st Crusade?

Pope Urban II

What’s significant about the 1st crusade?

Only successful crusade, Knights and commoners joined armies under the battle cry “God wills it!”

What’s significant about the 3rd crusade?

A Kurdish warrior named Saladin captures Jerusalem in 1187, 3 of Europe’s most powerful monarchs put together armies. Barbarossa died and Phillip left, so Richard was the only leader left.Both Richard and Saladin were brilliant warriors. After many battles they agreed to a truce in 1192

What’s significant about the 4th crusade?

Knights never reach Holy Land, instead decide to attack and loot Constantinople

Who challenged the authority of the pope by preaching the head of the Church was Jesus Christ and not the pope?

John Wycliffe

Who was the first to call his lands the Holy Roman Empire, and what was his nickname?

Fredrick I; Barbarossa

What weapon changed warfare that was introduced during the Hundred Years War?

Long Bow

Who was Joan of Arc? Where was she from?

French peasant girl that heard voices she believed to be from saints; tried as heretic and burned at the stake

Which countries fought in the Hundred Years War?

England and France

Christian name for “holy war”

Crusade

Where is the Plague believed to have began?

China

How many people died in Europe during the Black Death?

25 million; 1/3 of Europe’s population

What were the preventative measures taken by Europeans against the Plague

• Quarantines

• Certificates of Health

• Medical Boundary

What religious movement came about in response to the Plague?

Some felt it was God punishing them, New movement began known as Flagellants, Walk around whipping themselves as a punishment for their sin

What was the most populous city in Europe during the Middle Ages?

Paris

Which battle did William the Conquer fight in and won to claim the English throne?

Battle of Hastings

Who combined Greek philosophers’ approach with Christianity?

Thomas Aquinas

What type of architecture came about in the 1100s that included huge stain glass windows in cathedrals?

Gothic

Vernacular

Everyday language of the country

What are guilds? And what do they control?

Organization of individuals in the same business/occupation working to improve economic/social conditions of members; supply, price, quality, wages

What is the name for Church Law?

Canon Law

Who is England’s legislative body?

Parliament

How did Frederick I die during the 3rd Crusade?

Drowned

What lands made up the Holy Roman Empire?

The kingdom of Germany, Italy, and Bohemia

What was the new age of religious feeling around 1000 AD in Europe?

The Age of Faith

Essay : Give AT LEAST 3 reasons people took part in the 1st Crusade . Do you think the Crusaders were justified in their efforts to recapture the Holy Land in the 1st Crusade ? Why or why not ? Support your position .

Essay : Give AT LEAST 3 reasons people took part in the 1st Crusade . Do you think the Crusaders were justified in their efforts to recapture the Holy Land in the 1st Crusade ? Why or why not ? Support your position .

1. To help the church gain control of the Holy land from the Muslims.
2. They wanted their sins to be forgiven, and others because they wanted to go to heaven.
3. A number of people who took part just because they saw it as an adventure.

All in all, even though the Crusaders were not organized, they did win a narrow strip of land that covers 650 miles. I believe that their efforts to fight were justified.