Writing Task 2

drawback /ˈdrɔːbæk/ (n)

Exp: One major drawback of social media is addiction.

disadvantage

enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ (v)

Exp: Technology enhances learning efficiency.

improve

excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv/ (adj)

Exp: Excessive screen time harms children’s health.

too much

promote /prəˈməʊt/ (v)

Exp: Governments should promote environmental protection.

encourage

save time /seɪv taɪm/ (phr.V)

Exp: Online shopping helps people save time.

tiết kiệm thời gian

convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ (adj)

Exp: Public transport is a convenient way to travel.

tiện lợi, thuận lợi

waste time /weɪst taɪm/ (phr.V)

Exp: Spending too much time on social media wastes time.

lãng phí thời gian

cause addiction /kɔːz əˈdɪkʃən/ (phr.V)

Exp: Video games may cause addiction among teenagers.

gây nghiện

reduce concentration /rɪˈdjuːs ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃən/ (phr.V)

Exp: Constant phone notifications reduce concentration.

giảm khả năng tập trung

relieve stress /rɪˈliːv stres/ (phr.V)
Exp: Listening to music helps relieve stress.

giảm căng thẳng

in addition /ɪn əˈdɪʃən/ (linking phrase)

Exp: In addition, students should exercise regularly.

used to add extra information

as a result /æz ə rɪˈzʌlt/ (linking phrase)

Exp: He didn’t study; as a result, he failed the exam.

used to show a consequence

for example / for instance /fɔːr ɪɡˈzɑːmpəl/ /fɔːr ˈɪnstəns/ (linking phrase)

Exp: Many students waste time, for example, by using social media.

used to give examples

gain knowledge /ɡeɪn ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ (phrase)

Exp: Students can gain knowledge through reading books.

to acquire information or understanding

become addicted to /bɪˈkʌm əˈdɪktɪd tuː/ (phrase)

Exp: Many teenagers become addicted to online games.

to develop a strong dependence on something

allow sb to do sth /əˈlaʊ/

Exp: Technology allows people to work remotely.

to permit someone to do something

be interested in /biː ˈɪntrəstɪd ɪn/ (phrase)

Exp: She is interested in learning new languages.

to feel curiosity or attention toward something

relieve sth by /rɪˈliːv/ (phrase)

Exp: You can relieve stress by exercising.

to reduce pain or stress using something

weaken sb’s eyes / harm their eyesight /ˈwiːkən/ /hɑːm/ /ˈaɪsaɪt/ (phrase)

Exp: Using phones too much can harm your eyesight.

to damage vision

reduce sleep quality /rɪˈdjuːs sliːp ˈkwɒləti/ (phrase)

Exp: Using devices at night can reduce sleep quality.

to make sleep less effective or restful

platform /ˈplætfɔːm/ (n)

Exp: Social media platforms help people communicate easily.

a place or system where people can share information, ideas, or services

meet in person (collocation)

/miːt ɪn ˈpɜːsən/

Exp: We decided to meet in person to discuss the project.

to meet someone face-to-face rather than online

gặp trực tiếp

career opportunities (N.phr)

/kəˈrɪə(r) ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtiz/

Exp: Living in big cities offers more career opportunities.

chances to develop or advance in a career

cơ hội nghề nghiệp

delay (v) /dɪˈleɪ/

Exp: Poor planning can delay important tasks.

to make something happen later than planned

trì hoãn

fall behind (schedule/work/studies) (phr.V)

/fɔːl bɪˈhaɪnd/

Exp: Students may fall behind in their studies if they procrastinate.

to fail to keep up with progress or deadlines

tụt lại, chậm tiến độ

maintain a balance (phr.V)

/meɪnˈteɪn ə ˈbæləns/

Exp: It is important to maintain a balance between work and relaxation.

to keep a healthy balance between different aspects

duy trì sự cân bằng

otherwise (linking adverb) /ˈʌðəwaɪz/

Exp: You should revise regularly; otherwise, you may forget what you have learned.

if not; or else

nếu không thì

recreational activity /ˌrekriˈeɪʃənl ækˈtɪvəti/ (collocation)

Exp: Engaging in recreational activities can reduce stress.

an activity done for enjoyment in free time

hoạt động giải trí

cultivate self-discipline (collocation)

Exp: Students need to cultivate self-discipline to succeed academically.

to develop the ability to control one’s behavior

rèn luyện tính kỷ luật

perseverance /ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪərəns/ (n)

Exp: Perseverance is essential for long-term success.

continued effort despite difficulties

sự kiên trì

memory retention (phr.N)

Exp: Regular revision improves memory retention.

the ability to remember information

khả năng ghi nhớ

consolidate knowledge /kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/ (phrase)

Exp: Practice helps students consolidate knowledge.

to strengthen and make knowledge more solid

củng cố kiến thức

assistance /əˈsɪstəns/ (n)

Exp: Students may require additional assistance from teachers.

help or support

sự hỗ trợ

suffer from (phr.V)

Exp: Many teenagers suffer from lack of sleep.

to experience something unpleasant

bị, chịu đựng

lack of sleep (collocation)

Exp: A lack of sleep can affect concentration.

not having enough sleep

thiếu ngủ

comprehensive (adj) /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/

Exp: Students need a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

complete and including everything

toàn diện

in terms of (linking phrase)

Exp: The policy is effective in terms of cost.

with regard to

về mặt

spend time doing sth (structure)

Exp: Students spend time revising before exams.

to use time for an activity

dành thời gian làm gì

to some extent (phrase)

Exp: This argument is valid to some extent.

partially, not completely

ở một mức độ nào đó

waste time on (phrase)

Exp: Some students waste time on social media.

to use time unproductively

lãng phí thời gian

encourage interaction (collocation)

Exp: Group work encourages interaction among students.

to promote communication between people

khuyến khích tương tác

have difficulty with (phrase)

Exp: Many learners have difficulty with academic writing.

to find something hard to do

gặp khó khăn với

distraction /dɪˈstrækʃn/ (n)

Exp: Mobile phones are a major distraction in class.

something that takes attention away

sự xao nhãng

experience academic burnout (phrase)

Exp: Students may experience academic burnout during exam periods.

to feel exhausted due to studying too much

bị kiệt sức vì học

creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ (n)

Exp: Art education helps develop creativity.

the ability to produce new ideas

sự sáng tạo

work on (phr.V)

Exp: Students need to work on their writing skills regularly.

to spend time improving or developing something

làm việc để cải thiện/cải thiện cái gì

foster /ˈfɒstə(r)/ (v)

Exp: Schools should foster critical thinking in students.

to encourage the development of something

thúc đẩy, nuôi dưỡng

perseverance /ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪərəns/ (n)

Exp: Success requires perseverance and hard work.

continued effort despite difficulties

sự kiên trì

independent learning skill (collocation)

Exp: Online education helps develop independent learning skills.

the ability to study and learn without help

kỹ năng tự học

health problem (issue) (phr.N)

Exp: Excessive screen time can lead to health problems.

an issue related to physical or mental health

vấn đề sức khỏe

damage self-esteem (phr.V)

Exp: Constant criticism can damage students’ self-esteem.

to reduce a person’s confidence or self-worth

làm tổn hại lòng tự trọng

the use of sth (phrase) /ðə juːs əv/

Example: The use of technology has increased rapidly.

EN: the act of using something

VI: việc sử dụng cái gì đó

electronic devices usage (collocation)

Exp: Excessive electronic devices usage can affect health.

EN: using electronic devices

VI: việc sử dụng thiết bị điện tử

grab attention (collocation) /ɡræb əˈtenʃən/

Example: Advertisements are designed to grab attention.

EN: to attract interest quickly

VI: thu hút sự chú ý

deliver information (v phrase) /dɪˈlɪvə ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/

Example: Teachers should deliver information clearly to students.

EN: to communicate or provide information

VI: truyền đạt thông tin

valuable knowledge (n phrase)

Example: Elderly people can share valuable knowledge with younger generations.

EN: useful and important knowledge

VI: kiến thức quý giá

feel proud of (v phrase)

Example: She feels proud of her achievements.

EN: to have a feeling of satisfaction about something

VI: cảm thấy tự hào về

(great/considerable) important significance (n phrase)

Example: This event has important significance in history.

EN: great importance or meaning

VI: ý nghĩa quan trọng

(immense) crucial value (n phrase)

Example: Traditional culture has crucial value for society.

EN: extremely important worth or importance

VI: giá trị then chốt

broader perspective (n phrase)

Example: Travelling gives people a broader perspective on life.

EN: a wider way of understanding something

VI: góc nhìn rộng hơn

sacrifices (n) /ˈsækrɪfaɪsɪz/

Example: Parents make many sacrifices for their children.

EN: things given up for a greater purpose

VI: sự hy sinh

blood, sweat and tears (idiom)

Example: She put blood, sweat and tears into her business.

EN: extremely hard work and effort

VI: mồ hôi, công sức và nước mắt

pour into (v phrase)

Example: The government poured money into education.

EN: to invest a large amount of effort, time, or money in something

VI: dồn vào, đầu tư mạnh vào

take responsibility for (v phrase)

Example: Everyone should take responsibility for their actions.

EN: to accept duty or accountability for something

VI: chịu trách nhiệm về

pass down (v phrase)

Example: Traditional skills are passed down through generations.

EN: to transfer something from older to younger generations

VI: truyền lại

endless chain (n phrase)

Example: Knowledge is passed through an endless chain of generations.

EN: a continuous sequence without an end

VI: chuỗi liên tục bất tận

be aware of (v phrase)

Example: People should be aware of environmental issues.

EN: to know about and understand something

VI: nhận thức được về

pass on (v phrase)

Example: Grandparents often pass on life lessons to their grandchildren.

EN: to give information, knowledge, or traditions to others

VI: truyền lại

nation’s position (n phrase)

Example: Education strengthens a nation’s position in the global economy.

EN: a country’s status or standing

VI: vị thế của quốc gia

craft village (n phrase)

Example: Many tourists visit traditional craft villages.

EN: a village known for producing handmade products

VI: làng nghề thủ công

civilisation (n) /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Example: Ancient Egyptian civilisation was highly advanced.

EN: an advanced human society and culture

VI: nền văn minh

unbiased (adj) /ʌnˈbaɪəst/

Example: Journalists should provide unbiased information.

EN: fair and not influenced by personal opinions

VI: khách quan, không thiên vị

cooperate with (v phrase)

Example: Countries must cooperate with each other to solve global issues.

EN: to work together with someone

VI: hợp tác với

build a society (v phrase)

Example: Education helps build a fair society.

EN: to create or develop a community or nation

VI: xây dựng xã hội

complement each other (v phrase) /ˈkɒmplɪment/

Example: Technology and education complement each other.

EN: to improve each other by providing different strengths

VI: bổ trợ cho nhau

standardise (v) /ˈstændədaɪz/

Example: The company standardised its procedures across all branches.

EN: to make things follow the same standard

VI: tiêu chuẩn hóa

simplify (v) /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/

Example: The instructions were simplified for beginners.

EN: to make something easier to understand or do

VI: đơn giản hóa

date label (n) /deɪt ˈleɪbl/

Example: Consumers should check the date label before purchasing food.

EN: a label showing expiry or best-before dates

VI: nhãn ghi ngày sử dụng

promotion (n) /prəˈməʊʃən/

Example: The supermarket launched a promotion on dairy products.

EN: a special offer intended to increase sales

VI: chương trình khuyến mãi

bulk discount (n) /bʌlk ˈdɪskaʊnt/

Example: Customers receive a bulk discount when buying large quantities.

EN: a price reduction for buying many items

VI: giảm giá khi mua số lượng lớn

fresh produce (n) /freʃ ˈprɒdjuːs/

Example: Fresh produce should be consumed quickly.

EN: fresh fruits and vegetables

VI: nông sản tươi sống, rau củ quả tươi

edible food (n phrase) /ˈedəbl fuːd/

Example: Large amounts of edible food are wasted every year.

EN: food that is safe to eat

VI: thực phẩm có thể ăn được

enormous (adj) /ɪˈnɔːməs/ (=massive; huge; tremendous)

Example: Food waste causes enormous economic losses.

EN: extremely large

VI: khổng lồ, rất lớn

overbuy (v) /ˌəʊvəˈbaɪ/

Example: Many people overbuy during sales promotions.

EN: to buy more than necessary

VI: mua quá nhiều

groceries (n) /ˈɡrəʊsəriz/

Example: She buys groceries every weekend.

EN: food and household items purchased regularly

VI: hàng tạp hóa, thực phẩm mua hằng ngày

oversized portion (n phrase) /ˈəʊvəsaɪzd ˈpɔːʃən/

Example: Restaurants often serve oversized portions.

EN: a serving size that is larger than necessary

VI: khẩu phần quá lớn

container (n) /kənˈteɪnə(r)/

Example: Leftovers can be stored in airtight containers.

EN: an object used to hold or store something

VI: hộp, vật chứa

embarrassed (adj) /ɪmˈbærəst/

Example: He felt embarrassed about wasting food.

EN: feeling ashamed or uncomfortable

VI: xấu hổ, ngượng ngùng

takeaway (n) /ˈteɪkəweɪ/

Example: We ordered a takeaway after work.

EN: food bought from a restaurant to eat elsewhere

VI: đồ ăn mang về

lose one’s privacy (v phrase)

Example: Many people worry that they may lose their privacy online.

EN: to no longer have personal information kept private

VI: mất quyền riêng tư

sell data (v phrase)

Example: Some companies are accused of selling users’ data.

EN: to provide personal information to others for money

VI: bán dữ liệu

collect (v) /kəˈlekt/

Example: Apps collect users’ personal information.

EN: to gather or obtain

VI: thu thập

learn user preferences (v phrase)

Example: Streaming platforms learn users’ preferences to recommend content.

EN: to identify what users like or choose

VI: tìm hiểu sở thích của người dùng

pay bills (v phrase)

Example: I usually pay my bills online.

EN: to pay money owed for services

VI: thanh toán hóa đơn

transfer money (v phrase)

Example: You can transfer money through a mobile banking app.

EN: to send money from one account to another

VI: chuyển tiền

anytime, 24/7 (phrase)

Example: Online banking allows customers to access their accounts anytime, 24/7.

EN: at any time, all day and night

VI: bất cứ lúc nào, 24/7