Experimental Psych - in Historical Context

lesson 2

what is the formal definition of psychology?

Scientific study of human behaviors, feelings, and mental processes

goals of psychology

describe, predict, control

what is experimental psychology?

• A subspecialty in psychology interested in exploring theoretical questions by creating hypothesis and then setting out to prove or disprove it through experimentation

• A branch of psychology that is interconnected to the other areas

• Uses systematic, methodological approach in conducting experiments typically with two groups, controlled and experimenta;, about human behaviors and mental processes

• Utilizes topics from other areas as part of the investigation

dualism

mind and body are independent

• mind - spiritual

• body - physical

interactionism

mind and body are separate but they interact

monism

mind and body are one

socrates and plato

the mind is separate from the body and the knowledge is born within us

plato

• he claimed that mental illness is equal to a criminal act

  • diminished criminal responsibilty for the mentally ill

• emphasized in the republic the role of sociocultural factors in etiolkogy and treatment

• despite this, believed that mental disorders with partly divine caused

aristotle

• credited as the first empiricist

• popular for his work de anima

• regarded individuals as tabula rasa

• father of traditional psychology

• collected data through careful observations

• stated that knowledge is not pre-existing but grows from experiences and memories

what is the nativism (nature) philosophical perspective, and which philosophers believed in it?

aspects of human behavior are innate and hereditary

• rene descartes, immanuel kant, charles darwin

what is the empiricism (nurture) philosophical perspective, and which philosophers believed in it?

people are born as a blank slate and are filled-in as they experience the world

• John locke, thomas hobbes, george berkeley, david hume

who founded the 1st experimental psych lab in the world? (located in Leipzig, Germany)

Wilhem Wundt (order of exp psych labs to be founded in the world)

who founded the 2nd experimental psych lab in the world? (located in the united states)

G. Stanley Hall (order of exp psych labs to be founded in the world)

who founded the 3rd experimental psych lab in the world? (located in the united states)

James McKeen Cattell (order of exp psych labs to be founded in the world)

wilhelm wundt

• he published published the first experimental psychology textbook (Principles of Physiological Psychology) in 1874

• he is also the father of scientific psychology

• He also founded the first experimental psychology in leipzig, germany in 1879

william james

• he opened up a psychology lab in the states (not an experimental psychology lab) in 1875

• published a classic textbook: the principles of psychology in 1890

g stanley hall

• opened the first experimental psychology lab in the united states in john hopkins university in 1883

• founded the american psychological association (apa) in 1893

Herman Ebbinghaus

he published “On Memory” in 1885

• his findings about learning and memory that he discovered through the experiments he conducted on himself

george trumball ladd

• published textbook: elements of physiological psychology in 1887

  • was the first american book to include a significant amount of information on experimental psychology

james mckeen cattell

established the world’s third experimental psychology lab at the university of pennsylvania in in 1887

mary whiton calkins

1st woman to form a psychology lab in 1891

john b watson and rosalie rayner

• conducted little albert in 1920

  • experiment emotional reactions could be classically conditioned in people

Edwin Borings

• his book “a history of experimental psychology” was published in 1929

  • he was an influential experimental psychologist who was devoted to the use of experimental methods in psychology research

Lee Cronbach

published “the construct validity in psychological tests” in 1955, which popularized the use of construct validity in psychological studies

Harry Harlow

published the nature of love in 1958, which described his experiments with the rhesus monkeys on attachment and love

albert bandura

conducted his now famous bobo doll experiment in 1961, which demonstrated the effects of observation on aggressive behavior

when and where was psychology first taught in the philippines?

university of san carlos and university of santo tomas during the 17th century

who and where was the first established experimental psychology laboratory in the Philippines?

fr. angel de blas in UST

what is the philippine equivalent of the americans psychological association (apa)?

the psychology association of the philippines (pap)