Honors Global History French History Test

Test on 1/18

What is the Fleur de Lys?

The symbol of French Royalty

What was the royal family of France during the 1500-1800s?

Bourbons

What was the French Congress known as?

States General

The States General only met at times of ________.

emergencies

What were the 2 main religions present in France?

Catholic (majority) and some Protestants (Hugenots)

Francis I was known as the _________ king of France.

Renaissance

Francis I built _______ and rebuilt the _______ into a palace.

Chambord, Louvre

Who did Henri II marry?

Catherine Medici

What did Catherine Medici greatly influence in France?

French Cuisine

What was the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?

3,000 Hugenots were slaughtered at the wedding of Henri of Navarre (70,000 in all of France)

Catherine Medici is suspected to be the organizer of the ___________ where hundreds of Hugenots were slaughtered at the wedding of Henri of Navarre (later Henri IV)

St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

Who was Diane de Poitiers?

Henri II’s Mistress(acted like the queen)

Who was the last king of the Valois dynasty who fought in the WAr of 3 Henries?

Henri III

What is the murder of a royal called?

Regicide

Who was the first Bourbon King?

Henri IV

“Paris is worth a ______” (Henri IV)

Mass

“A _______ in every pot every Sunday” (Henri IV)

Chicken

What phrase did Henri IV use to describe him changing his religion from Protestant to Catholic?

“Jump the Ditch”

What was the Edict of Nates?

It gave freedom of religion to the Hugenots living in France.

Henri IV encouraged _________ into Canada and improved ________.

colonial expansion, infrastructure

What is Keynes Economics?

When the economy is bad, the government should use money to build things. (builds stuff → more workers needed → more income → jumpstarts economy)

What is Trickle Down Economics?

When the economy is bad, rich people should get less taxes (rich people get a tax break → they spend more money→ the money “trickles down” → jumpstarts economy)

What is Supply Side?

The side that prefers Trickle-Down economics (wants less government, lower taxes, and an increased supply of goods)

What is Demand Side?

The side that prefers Keynes Economics (likes more government involved w/ economy)

What is the Hotel-de-Ville?

The City Hall of Paris

What is the Laffer Curve?

It is a parabola that shows the maximum amount of money you can make while not turning people away.

Who is La Salle?

Sailed the length of the Mississippi River

Who is Marquette?

First european to explore and map the northern portion of the Mississippi River Valley (Marquette - Map the Mississippi)

Who is Jaques Cartier?

First European to navigate the St. Lawrence River, named Canada (Cartier - Canada)

Who is Samuel de Champlain?

Founded Quebec and consolidated French colonies

Who is Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac?

Founded the site that would later become the city of Detroit

Who assassinated Henri IV?

Ravaillac

What is Louis XIII’s nickname?

The Just

What is a Hypochondriac?

Someone who always believes that they are sick/dying (like Louis XIII)

Who was Cardinal Richelieu?

He was Louis XIII’s chief advisor who practically ruled the country for Louis XIII.

What war did Richelieu get France involved in during Louis XIII’s rule?

The 30 Year’s War

What was the Bastille?

It was a prison in France that later got turned into an arms/weapon storage (was raided in the French Revolution)

What was Mercantilism?

There is finite amount of wealth in the world, and you must take stuff from others to get wealthy

Which 3 beliefs/styles represented the 1600s?

Mercantilism, Absolutism, and Baroque

What was France’s 2 major colonies?

Haiti and New France (Canada and Midwest America)

What are subsidies?

Government funded money that is given to companies so they can lower prices to the consumers

Why was Haiti such an important colony for France?

It had sugar

What was Louis XIV’s nickname?

The Sun King

Who is famous for saying “I am the State,” showing off his power over the nobles in France?

Louis XIV

“1 _____, 1 ______, 1 _______” (Louis XIV’s quote)

king, law, faith

Louis XIV decided to rescind the ____________, and made France solely Catholic again.

Edict of Nantes

Who was Cardinal Mazarin?

He was Louis XIV’s advisor when he was young

What did Mazarin tell Louis XIV that greatly influenced the king’s thoughts on the nobles?

He told Louis XIV to “not trust anyone”

What was Fronde?

It was the revolt of nobles against Mazarin’s policies that led to Louis XIV distrusting the nobles and disliking the Louvre.

Who was Nicolas Fouquet?

He was someone who embezzled money from the government and was later put in the Bastille (rumored to be the man in the iron mask)

Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert?

He developed Code Noir (thus developing the outline of slavery in France). He also was highly into Mercantilism

What was the Code Noir?

The outline of slavery in France (also had antisemitism in it)

What were Intendants?

Government agents that ran the countryside and reported directly to the King instead of going to a noble first

What was Versailles?

It was a grand city-like castle that housed Louis XIV and countless nobles

What was life at Versailles like?

It was grand and luxurious. Everyone tended to play games, watch ballets and plays, and go hunting almost all day. Everything was centered around the king as well.

What was the War of the Spanish Succession about?

Charles II of Spain died after promising his throne to Louis XIV’s grandson. Alarmed at the sudden inbalance of power, several countries went to war with France to prevent them from becoming too strong.

What was the Treaty of Ultrecht (1713)?

IT ended the War of the Spanish Succession by allowing Philip (Louis XIV’s grandson) to become the King of Spain as long as the two countries were not united

What did Britain gain from the Treaty of Ultrecht?

It gained Asiento, Gibraltar, and the Hudson Bay colonies.

What is Asiento?

The permission to sell slaves to Spanish colonies

What is Gibraltar?

A fortress that granted access to the Mediterranean

France’s economy was heavily struggling because most of the budget went to building/maintaining _________

Versailles

Cancelling the Edict of Nantes further decreased the French economy because skilled ________ workers fleed France in fear of persecution.

Huguenot

What is a Balance of Power?

Multiple countries (about 4~5) share equal power

What is a Hegemony?

1 country holds most of the power (like the USA in North America)

Only 5% of the total number of slaves came to the United States, as around 60% were sent to the _______ _______ and 35% were sent to _______ for sugar.

West Indies, Brazil

What was Louis XV’s nickname?

The Well-Loved

Who was Louis XV’s chief advisor and why was she unique?

Madame Pompadour was his chief advisor. She was unique because she was a woman.

What style did Madame Pompadour introduce into France society?

Rococo

What kind of style is Rococo?

It is a very light, elegant, and feminine style

What kind of style is Baroque?

It is a very masculine, extravagant, and heavy style (makes you say W O W)

What is the French Pantheon?

It is the place where famous people of France (ex: Dumas) are buried (built by Pompadour)

What is another name for the 7 Year’s War?

The French-Indian War

Which countries fought in the French Indian War?

France and Great Britain

What was the Battle of Quebec also known as?

The Battle of the Plains of Abraham

3 famous battles in the 7 Year’s War include:

The Battle of Quebec, the Battle of Duquesne, and the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga

Who won in the Battle of Quebec?

Britain (ensured British supremacy in Canada)

What was the Treaty of Paris (1763)?

It is the treaty that ended the 7 Year’s War (Britain won)

What did the British gain from the Treaty of Paris (1763)?

Britain recieved Florida, Canada, and various French holdings overseas

What did the French lose from the Treaty of Paris (1763)?

France lost all claims to Canada and India and gained a huge debt

What was the Enlightenment?

When people started to question things such as the government, science, philosophy, and more.

What was a salon?

A big room where people met and discussed things (ex: politics, science, etc.)

Which king said “After me the flood",” as a warning to future kings about the major problems due to the immense debt France had?

Louis XV

What was Louis XVI’s nickname?

The Locksmith

Who was Louis XVI’s famous wife?

Marie Antoinette

Why was Marie Antoinette hugely disliked by the citizens of France?

She was from Austria, which had been at war with France for a while. As much as she tried to be a “good queen”, things didn’t really go her way.

Who was the famous American Ambassador to France that was very popular amongst the French women (even though he was old and married)?

Ben Franklin

Which battle in the American Revolution convinced the French to donate millions of dollars (in men, weapons, and actual money) to their cause?

Battle of Saratoga

What was the Battle of Yorktown?

It was an American victory (but with a LOT of help from France) that was the LAST MAJOR BATTLE OF THE REVOLUTION

Who was Rochambeau?

He was a famous French army general who commanded the French army to assist in the revolution.

Who was Lafayette?

He was a famous French general who was Washington’s right-hand man.

What did the population of France have to do with the economy?

The population greatly increased, leading to the prices of food going up and thus creating an inflation

Why were soldiers who returned to France after the American Revolution unhappy with their government?

They just fought for the Americans’ rights yet they don’t get any of the freedom the Americans do

________ _________ led to a critical shortage of food in France in the 1770s to the 1780s.

Poor Harvests

Workers had to spend about _____% to ______% of their daily wages on bread in 1789

70, 90

After realizing that the country was in a national crisis and he didn’t know what to do about it, Louis XVI called the _______ _______, declaring an emergency.

Estates General

What was Louis XVI’s dilemma about getting revenue using taxes?

The nobles and the clergy didn’t want to pay more taxes and the peasants were too broke to pay any more (90% of their income went to food)

What was the problem with Louis XVI summoning the Estates General?

The Estates General had not been called in 300 years, making everything disfunctional and chaotic. Also, the peasants were not represented well in the meetings.

What was Montesquies’s most famous book?

On the Spirit of Laws

What were some major ideas from Montesquies?

separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control of the government

What was Montesquis’s quote?

“Power should be a check to power.”