APUSH period 2, row 2

Stono Rebellion (1739)

A major slave rebellion in South Carolina where enslaved Africans fought for freedom and tried to reach Spanish Florida

27. Indigo

A plant used to make blue dye that became a major cash crop in the southern colonies

28. Rice Culture

An agricultural system based on growing rice in swampy lowlands using enslaved labor

29. William Penn

The Quaker leader who founded Pennsylvania as a safe place for religious freedom

30. Quakers

A religious group that believed in spiritual equality, pacifism, and inner light

31. Lord Baltimore (Cecil Calvert)

The founder of Maryland who created a safe haven for English Catholics

32. Maryland Toleration Act (1649)

A law that guaranteed religious freedom for all Christians in Maryland

33. Georgia Colony (1733)

The last 13 colony, created as a buffer zone against Spanish Florida

34. James Oglethorpe

The founder of Georgia who initially banned slavery and hard liquor

35. Halfway Covenant (1662)

A Puritan church rule allowing partial membership for the grandchildren of the original Puritans

36. Great Awakening (1730s

1740s)

37. George Whitefield

A famous traveling English preacher who energized the Great Awakening

38. Jonathan Edwards

A Puritan minister famous for his intense, emotional revival sermons

39. New Lights vs. Old Lights

A division between emotional revivalists and traditional clergy members

40. Colonial Assemblies

Elected local governing bodies that made laws and voted on taxes

41. Salutary Neglect

The British policy of loosely enforcing parliamentary laws in the colonies

42. Zenger Trial (1735)

A landmark legal case that established the foundation for freedom of the press

43. Enlightenment

An intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, and human progress

44. John Locke

An English philosopher who argued that governments get their power from the people

45. Social Contract

The theory that people form governments to protect their natural rights

46. Natural Rights

Inherent human rights to life, liberty, and property

47. Proprietary Colony

A colony owned by an individual or family granted authority by the king

48. Royal Colony

A colony governed directly by the British crown through an appointed governor

49. Charter Colony

A colony operated under a charter agreed upon by the colony and the king

50. Gentry Class

A wealthy upper class of elite landowners, planters, and merchants