Fluids 💧

Finish the equation:

1 L = _______

1 kg

Urine specific Gravity measures what?

concentration of solutes dissolved in URINE

What does blood osmolarity measure?

The concentration of solutes dissolved in BLOOD

High blood osmolarity indicates TOO much…. and little…..

too much solutes little water

High osmolarity indicates TOO much, & TOO little

and this typically found in a pt who is in fluid _________

solute; fluids; loss

Low osmolatiry indicates TOO Much…. & TOO little……

Fluids; solutes

What is the CORRECT term for decreased urine output?

Oliguria

What two labs (that u should know for the exam) that we do to test if pt is DEHYDRATED?

do these labs (incr. or decr.)

Urine specified Gravity (incr)

Blood Osmolarity (incr)

What two labs (that u should know for the exam) that we do to test for FLUID EXCESS?

do these incr or decr?

Blood osmolarity (decr.)

urine specified gravity (decr)

Fluid excess would manifest HOW on the peripheral limbs? What is something we can do to help?

Edema; elevate those legs

Which pt should we NOT elevate legs w/ edema? Why?

CHF (heart failure) patients bc makes the fluid back track to lungs.

what is the NUMBER ONE medication we give for someone who has severe fluid OVERLOAD?

what RATE should we give it? (slow or fast?) and WHY?

Lasix (fuorosemide); slow bc fast will cause otoxicity.

What is ANOTHER (but not the first choice) of medication we give for patients in fluid excess? what is the NUMBER 1 SD effect this causes?

Spirlactone; HYPERkalemia

What is the NUMBER 1 sd affect lasix causes?

*hint: its drug class is “loop diuertic”

HYPOkalmia

The biggest complication that can happen with untreated fluid excess is?

Pulmonary edema (can’t breath)

The BIGGEST problem that can happen with untreated dehydration is?

LACK of blood flow to the organs

“Sound THREE alarm, CRACK the box, INCREASE the scale, and INCREASE the pressure”

is a mnemonic to remember WHAT abt fluids? what do each CAP. word mean?

fluid OVERLOAD; S3 heart sounds, crackles, rapid weight gain, incr BP

“HIGH 2, Dry PEE” is a nmemonic to rememeber what? what does it stand for?

dehydration; high blood glucose & Heart rate, dark urine, LOW BP and decreased Urine output