Clin Med Final - Past Exam Question Topics

diphenhydramine

what has this MOA

- antihistamine

primary and delayed allergic rxns

what is the primary indication of diphenhydramine

acute anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid rxns

what are the indications for secondary diphenhydramine

benzodiazepine

what has this MOA

- anticonvulsant, positive allosteric modulator of GABA

benzodiazepine

what is a drug used for prolonged seizure activiity

midazolam (versed, 5mg) and diazepam (valium, 10 mg)

examples of benzodiazepines

corticosteroids

what has this moa

- mimics endogenous hormones and delayed onset

hydrocortisone

which corticosteroid is short acting

prednisone

which corticosteroid is intermediate acting

dexamethasone

which corticosteroid is long acting

betzold jarisch reflex

what is ti called when right before vasovagal syncope the pt becomes bradycardic, pallor, and hypotensive

simple and complex

what are the two types of partial seizures

simple

which type of partial seizure

- either motor, sensory, or both

complex

which type of partial seizure

- involves hallucinations, illusions, and deja vu

terbutaline

what is teh secondary intervention for asthma is albuterol doesn't work

acute MI

what is the leading cause of death in men < 65

false

T/F aspirin decreases the size of a thrombus

occlusive stroke

what is the most prevalent CVS

bronchoconstriction, inflammation of airways, and increased mucus production

what is the pathophysiology triad for asthma

levalbuterol

is albuterol or levalbuterol

- less potent

levalbuterol

is albuterol or levalbuterol

- less tachycardia

ADH

what does angiotensin II stimulate the posterior pituitary to release

increase

does ADH increase or decrease water resorption

depression

does angina pectoris cause an ST elevation of depression

elevation

does prinzmentals angina cause an ST elevation of depression

depression

does unstable angina/NSTEMI cause an ST elevation of depression

elevation

does STEMI cause an ST elevation of depression

unstable angina has no change in bioimarks

what is the main difference between unstable angina and NSTEMI

55-70%

what is the normal ejection fraction

45-50%

what ejection fraction does left ventricular heart failure cause

candidiasis

what is the number 1 oral presentation of HIV

factor 8

what factor is associated with vWF

A and B

which types of hepatitis have vaccines

< 10%

what % of hep b pts are in the chronic carrier state

60-80%

what % of hep c pts are in the chronic carrier state

0.3%

what is the risk of HIV transmission from infected pts to health care workers

3rd

ibuprofen should be avoided during what trimester

lithium

what is the most common stabilizing drug that acts on mania and depression

barretts esophagus

metaplastic changes in the tissue lining of the esophagus

33%

what % of the population will carry a psychiatric disorder

no

is schizophrenia a mood disorder

> 50,000

what is the platelet count needed for dental procedures

AML

what form of leukemia

- causes gingivitis

ALL

what form of leukemia

- most common in children

CLL

what form of leukemia

- most common in adults

B cells

what are the most targeted cells in hodgkins and nonhodgkins

G6DP anemia

disorder in an enzyme in RBC which results in hemolysis

plavix (clopidogrel)

an acute withdrawal of what drug can result in rebound thrombi to form

h. pylori

causative agent for peptic ulcers =

B12

are neurological symptoms associated with B12 or folate deficiency

noninfectious

what is the status when the pt has been compliant with standard multidrug anti-TB treatment for 2-3 wks

infection is latent of currently active

what does a positive TB test mean

crohns

cobblestone appearance is associated with what

< 200

what is the CD4+ count in aids

2, 7, 9, 10

what are the factors produced by vit K

ascites, encephalopathy, INR, bilirubin, and albumin

what is assessed when classifying child-pugh

no

is hypercementosis a symptoms of stem cell transplant

conversion disorder

when a psychological conflict (trauma) is expressed as a loss of physical function (blindness) when conflicted after acknowledgement

intravenous drug use, contact with bodily secretions, multiple sexual partners unprotected, alcohol abuse, and abuse of certain meds

what are the risk factors for liver disease

jaundice, icteric sclera, spider telangiectasia, palmar erythema, ascites, asterixis, hepatic encephalopathy, angular cheilitis, glossitis, portal HTN, parotid enlargement, and petechiae

what are the signs of liver failure

GERD

chronic mucosal damage cuased by consistent retrograde flow of stomach acid up on the esophagus

2nd

what trimester = the best to treat

increase

is there an increase in CO, stroke vol, HR, blood vol, and blood flow to uterus during pregnancy

decrease

is there and increase or decrease in systemic vascular resistance during pregnancy

increase

is there an increase or decrease in tidal volume and VO2 in pregnancy

celiac disease

ingestion of gluten causes immune response trigger in the villi of the small intestine

heparin

does heparin or warfarin

- enhance acitivity of ATIII

PTT

what test can be used to monitor heparin

warfarin

does heparin or warfarin

- vit K antagonist

PT/INR

what test can be used to monitor warfarin

heterosexual sex

what is the most common transmission for HIV

multiple myeloma

what has this hallmark sign

- punched out radiolucencies

hodgkins

what is associated with reed sternberg cells

pseudomembranous colitis

what is caused by c. difficile

high

is there a high or low risk for valvular stenosis if there is a pulmonary embolism

plasma proteins

thyroid hormones circulate bound to what

rheumatoid arthritis

sjogrens syndrome is a manifestation of what

atrial depolarization

what does this wave represent

- P wave

ventricular depolarization

what does this wave represent

- QRS complex

ventricular repolarization

what does this wave represent

- T wave

radio frequent catheter ablation

what can fix atrial fibrillation

levodopa

what is a dopamine precursor that helps to treat parksinsons disease

altered mental state

what is a common sign of diabetic ketoacidosis