French & Indian War and Road to Revolution - Flashcards

A set of QUESTION_AND_ANSWER flashcards covering key topics from the French and Indian War and the early stages of the American Revolution.

What region did both the French and English want control of, helping trigger tensions before the war?

The Ohio River Valley.

Who did the Virginia governor send to claim the Ohio River Valley?

George Washington.

During the war, which groups formed the opposing sides for Britain and France?

Britain: England, Prussia, and some Native Americans; France: France with some Native Americans, Spain, and Austria.

Which British leader helped bring Prussia into the war?

William Pitt.

What was Franklin's plan to unite the colonies, often summarized by 'Join or Die'?

An intercolonial plan to unite the colonies under a central government (a president and a council) to coordinate defense and raise funds.

What treaty ended the French and Indian War in 1763?

The Treaty of Paris (1763).

What happened to France's North American territories after the treaty?

France was removed from North America.

What change in colonial attitudes occurred after the war?

Colonial unity began to form; colonists realized they had more in common with each other than with the English.

What policy prohibited colonial westward expansion after the war?

The Proclamation of 1763.

What economic theory helped shape colonial views and explained why they sought independence?

Mercantilism—the idea that wealth is generated by trade and control of resources; its benefits diminished for the colonies over time.

What actions did the First Continental Congress take to challenge British policy?

Drafted a Declaration of Rights and organized boycotts to pressure Britain.

Which famous phrase is associated with the start of the American Revolution?

'The shot heard 'round the world.'

Name a major strength of the British at the start of the war.

A stronger army and navy, more funds and resources.

Name a major weakness of the British at the start of the war.

Distance from the theaters of war and loss of key leadership after Pitt.

Name two weaknesses of the American colonists at the start of the Revolution.

Lack of money and lack of a centralized government.

What major document did the Second Continental Congress adopt that proclaimed independence?

The Declaration of Independence.

How did France contribute to the American cause?

France provided aid, including military support, funds, and troops.

What treaty ended the American Revolutionary War in 1783?

The Treaty of Paris (1783).