BIO 2700 A&P Clinical Practices Spring 2025 Exam 1

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture notes for the BIO 2700 A&P Clinical Practices exam.

Mitosis

A process where a single cell divides to form two identical daughter cells, consisting of multiple stages but not including interphase.

Transcription

The process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into mRNA, occurring in the nucleus.

Protein Synthesis

The process of creating protein molecules based on the genetic code.

Physiology

The study of the function of the body and its parts.

Negative Feedback System

A biological mechanism that counters a change to maintain homeostasis.

Gross Anatomy

The study of large body structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

Excitability

The ability of organisms to sense changes in their environment and respond accordingly.

Plasma Membrane

A biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment.

Endocytosis

A process by which cells take in materials by engulfing them in a membrane.

Passive Processes

Mechanisms of transport that move substances across membranes without using energy.

Cell Theory

A scientific theory stating that all organisms are composed of one or more cells and the cell is the fundamental unit of life.

Phospholipids

A class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes, forming lipid bilayers.

Golgi Complex

An organelle responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

An organelle involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids, functioning as calcium storage.

Nucleotide

The basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.

Acid

A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in water and typically has a pH less than 7.

Antioxidants

Chemicals that neutralize free radicals and help prevent cellular damage.

Potential Energy

The energy stored in the chemical bonds of a molecule.

Covalent Bond

A strong chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons.

Ribosomes

Cellular structures made of RNA and proteins that synthesize proteins.

Gene

A segment of DNA that contains genetic information for producing polypeptides.