Fukushima Nuclear Disaster and Energy Overview

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35 Terms

1

Fukushima Daiichi

Site of the 2011 nuclear disaster in Japan.

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2

Level 7 event

Highest rating on the International Nuclear Event Scale.

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3

9.0-magnitude earthquake

Triggered tsunami on March 11, 2011.

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4

Tsunami height

Waves reached over 40 meters (131 feet).

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5

Reactor cooling systems

Failed due to flooded backup generators.

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6

Partial meltdowns

Occurred in reactors 1, 2, and 3.

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7

Hydrogen gas buildup

Caused explosions in reactor buildings.

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8

Radiation leaks

Forced evacuation of over 150,000 residents.

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9

Cesium-137

Long-lived radioactive isotope of concern.

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10

Economic damage

Japan temporarily shut down nuclear power fleet.

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11

Global nuclear policy shifts

Countries accelerated plans to phase out nuclear power.

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12

Cleanup duration

Expected to take over 40 years.

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13

Treated radioactive wastewater

Japan began releasing into the Pacific Ocean.

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14

Tsunami defenses

Plant's seawall was inadequate for tsunami protection.

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15

Backup power systems

Should be designed to withstand tsunamis.

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16

Nuclear safety standards

Re-evaluated globally after the disaster.

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17

Energy

Capacity to do work in various forms.

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18

Power

Rate of energy transfer, measured in watts.

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19

Newton (N)

Unit of force; accelerates 1 kg by 1 m/s².

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20

Joule (J)

Unit of work; 1 N moves 1 m.

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21

Watt (W)

Unit of power; 1 J per second.

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22

Energy consumption (U.S.)

Average home uses 11,000 kWh yearly.

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23

Fossil fuels

Account for 80% of global energy use.

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24

Energy Return on Investment (EROI)

Ratio of energy gained to energy used.

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25

Electricity production

Significant energy loss occurs, especially non-renewables.

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26

Coal efficiency

Only 29% of coal energy converted to electricity.

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27

LED bulbs

Use 90% less energy than incandescent bulbs.

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28

Clean Car Standards

Policies regulating fuel efficiency improvements.

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29

Coal ash spill

39,000 tons spilled in Dan River, 2014.

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30

Petroleum (Oil)

Liquid fossil fuel refined into various products.

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31

Natural gas

Composed of 80-95% methane, used for heating.

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32

Nuclear fission

Chain reaction generates heat for electricity.

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33

Nuclear waste management

90,000 metric tons stored in deep pools.

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34

Yucca Mountain

Proposed nuclear waste site, defunded in 2009.

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35

Public perception of nuclear power

High fear due to past nuclear disasters.

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