Absolute Rulers of Russia

Who ruled from 1462-1505 and drove the mongols out of Russia? This person also centralized the government in Russia.

Ivan III

Who was known as Ivan the Terrible?

Ivan IV

In the 1500s, Russia was run by church officials called what?

Boyars (conservative landowners)

What is the Russian title equivalent to a Roman Caesar?

Tsar or Czar

What happened during Ivan IV good period (1547-1560)?

1. Ivan won great victories.

2. Added lands to Russia

3. Created merchant and noble councils

4. established a code of laws

5. Made military promotions based on merit

6. Had St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow built

   1. Reduced the power of the Boyars

What happened during Ivan’s bad period (1560)?

1. His wife, Anastasia, died.

2. Accused the Boyars of poisoning his wife.

3. Created the secret police to hunt down traitors

4. Got rid of his closest advisors

   1. Killed his oldest son and heir to the thrown during an argument.

Ivan descended into mental illness by 1581, how did he supposedly die?

Poisoned

Who ruled after Ivan IV and for 300 years?

The Romanov Dynasty

When did the Romanav rule end?

Russian Revolution (WWI)

Who was chosen as the next Czar in 1613 and would rule until 1645? He was also Ivan IV grandnephew.

Michael Romanov

Who ruled after Michael Romanov?

Peter I

Peter I modernized Russia. Name 7 things he did to reform Russia.

1. He controlled all aspects of Russia (Military, Governemnt, and Church)

2. Forced Boyars to serve in the government and military

3. Forced serfdom - tying peasents to work the land of nobles

4. Introduced potatoes as a Russian Staple crop

5. Started the first newspaper in Russia

6. Sponsored new schools emphasizing science

   1. Improved waterways, manufacturing, and trade

Who did Peter fight to gain control of a warm water port which became St. Petersburg?

Sweden

Peter declared St. Petersburg would be open year round and provide russia with much needed trade. He also ordered many nobles to leave Moscow and move there. Who was tasked with building St. Petersburg?

Serfs

Under Peter, Russia became the smallest or largest country in the world?

Largest

Peter I was also known as what?

Peter the Great

Peter made Russians adopt what clothing style, thus banning long coats and beards for Boyars?

European

Did women statuses improved or worsen during Peter I?

Improved