Lecture 8 (BME 296)

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20 Terms

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Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials
Characteristics that determine how biomaterials respond to various forces and deformations.
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Stress Shielding
The process where the stresses placed on tissues are reduced, potentially leading to bone loss or weakening.
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Viscoelastic Behavior
Materials that exhibit both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation.
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Hooke’s Law
States that stress is directly proportional to strain in the elastic region of a material.
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Tensile Testing
A method used to determine the behavior of materials under tensile (stretching) forces.
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Poisson's Ratio
The ratio of the strain in the transverse direction to the strain in the axial direction when loaded.
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Yield Strength
The stress level at which a material begins to deform plastically.
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Ductility
A material's ability to deform plastically before rupture.
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Brittleness
The tendency of a material to fracture without considerable deformation.
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Compression Test
A test to measure the behavior of a material under compressive (squeezing) loads.
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Shear Testing
A method to measure how a material responds to forces that cause it to deform along a plane.
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Fracture Strength
The stress at which a material fails and breaks due to applied forces.
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Plastic Deformation
Permanent deformation of a material when the stress exceeds the yield strength.
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Amorphous Polymers
Materials that lack a definite shape or crystalline structure, deforming through viscous flow.
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Semi-Crystalline Polymers
Polymers characterized by both crystalline and amorphous regions, affecting their mechanical properties.
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Strain
The amount of deformation experienced by a body in the direction of the applied force, normalized to its original length.
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Shear Modulus
A measure of a material's response to shear stress, defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear strain.
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Elastic Deformation
Temporary deformation where the material returns to its original shape once the load is removed.
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Tensile Strength
The maximum stress a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before necking.
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Viscous Flow
The flow of a material that occurs when it deforms under stress, exhibiting time-dependent characteristics.