Studied by 14 peopleReproduction
Why do unicellular organisms (Prokaryotes) perform cell division
Binary Fission
What is cell division performed for reproduction called?
2
How many cells are produced from mitosis?
Identical
Are the cells produced from mitosis identical or different?
DNA Replication
What important process occurs during the S phase?
Sometimes
Can cells exit the cell cycle and reenter?
G0
If cells exit the cell cycle what stage are the entering?
Centrosomes spread to opposite sides of the cell. Chromatin condenses to chromosomes
What occurs during the first stage of mitosis, Prophase?
Chromosome centromeres move to the middle of the cell
What occurs during the second stage of mitosis, Metaphase?
Sister Chromatids separate and go to opposite ends
What occurs during the third stage of mitosis, Anaphase?
New nuclei began to form around the chromosomes on each side
What occurs during the fourth stage of mitosis, Telophase?
Cytokinesis
What is the last step of mitosis when cytoplasm splits as the cell membrane pinches it apart?
Anaphase
When does the cell membrane pinching begin?
Cleavage Furrow
What is formed during cytokinesis in an animal cell?
Cell Plate
What is formed during cytokinesis in a plant cell?
Apoptosis and Cancer
What are two things that can result from the cell cycle?
Uncontrolled cell growth
What is occurring with cells when they're cancerous?
Cell Death
What is occurring with cells during apoptosis?
To stop the cell momentarily until it receives the "go"-signal that it's met its requirements
What are the purposes of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
It's the go signal for whether or not the cell will continue in the cell cycle or exit to G0
Why is the G1 checkpoint most important?
Checks for damaged DNA
What does G2 checkpoint do?
Checks for full chromosome attachment
What does M checkpoint do?
To heal and grow
Why do multicellular organisms use mitosis?
Somatic Cells
What are non-reproductive cells called?
Gametes
What are reproductive cells called?
Interphase (start), Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis.
What are the six steps of mitosis in order?
Interphase
What step is about 90% of the cell cycle?
Meiosis
What is the variation of cell division that produces gametes called?
4
How many daughter cells are formed from meiosis?
Non-Identical
Are the daughter cells formed from meiosis identical or non-identical?
Mitotic (M) Phase
What is the name of the phase of the cell cycle where mitosis and cytokinesis occur?
signaling molecules
The cell cycle is driven by specific __________ _________ present in the cytoplasm
Different
Does each phase have the same or different signaling molecules?
Cyclins
What is the progression through the cell cycle and checkpoints are mediated by?
Cyclins
What binds to CDKs to activate them?
Enzymes that phosphorylate proteins to activate or deactivate them
What are CDKs?
Density-Dependent Inhibition
What is the external signal called where crowded cells stop dividing?
Anchorage Dependence
What do most animal cells exhibit so that they must be attached to a substratum in order to divide?
No
Do cancer cells require growth factors (external signals) to grow and divide?
Transformation
What is the process called in which a normal cell is converted to cancerous?
Note 
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