Studied by 18 people
agonist
increase neurotransmitter
antagonist
decrease neurotransmitter
brocas area
speech production (aphasia)
wernickes area
speech comprehension (aphasia)
medulla
vital functions (circulating blood, breathing muscle tone, reflexes)
pons
sleep + arousal + dreams
linked to spinal cord, unconscious movement and process
cerebellum
(little brain)
movement, balance, muscle memory
reticular formation
relay message to body
sleep wake cycles
arousal
brain stem
mid brain + pons + medulla
thalamus
sensory switch board (relay system)
all sensory info (except smell) must pass to get to the cerebral cortex
limbic system
emotion, memory
hippocampus
memory relay station, durable memory
hypothalamus
4 F’s (fighting, fleeing, feeding, mating)
pre-frontal cortex
planning, organization, risk assessment
frontal lobe
motor cortex, mirror neurons, planning, reasoning, working memory, attention, executive function
motor cortex
apraxia; movement
parietal lobe
somatosensory cortex (temp, pressure, texture)
angular gyrus
reading, writing
temporal lobe
auditory cortex, AUDIO
agnosia
recognize things
occipital lobe
visual cortex
pituitary gland
master gland, directed by hypothalamus
regulates growth & metabolism
adrenal gland
stress hormones
thyroid glands
controls/regulates speed of bodily processes (metabolism)
EEG
monitors the electrical activity of brain over time
sleep studies
(function)
PET Scan
radioactive glucose to see functioning of the brain OR where is activity occurring in the brain?
(function)
fMRI
functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI tech that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow
(function)
lesioning
destroying piece of brain and observing effects (animals)
(structure)
CT scan
uses x-rays to create a 3D image
diagnosis of therapy
bone structure / soft tissue
cross-sectional image
(structure)
MRI
magnets / radiowaves to see structure of soft tissue
(structure)
gluatmate
EXCITATORY
main
basis of learning/long-term memory
too much: migraines/seizures
too little: n/a
ACH
EXCITATORY
muscle function, learning/memory, attention
too much: muscle spasm
too little: Alzhemier’s
norepinephrine
EXCITATORY
arousal/alertness, fight or flight, mood elevation
too much: anxiety
too little: mental disorder (depression)
GABA
INHIBITORY
main
regulates sleep-wake cycles
too much: sleep/eating disorder
too little: anxiety, epilepsy, insomnia, Huntingtons
dopamine
INHIBITORY
mood / emotion / arousal
too much: schizophrenia, drug addict
too little: parkinsons
serotonin
INHIBITORY
mood regulation, hunger, sleep
too much: hallucination
too little: depression, mood disorder
endorphins
INHIBITORY
pain control, stress reduction, positive emotion
too much: artificial highs, inadequate response to pain
too little: addiction (opiates)
Note 
Flashcard (21)