antibacterials pharm

cefuroxime, ceftriaxone

cephalosporin

Cephalosporins use

-Broad spectrum

Cephalosporins se

GI disturbance, hypersensitivity

Cephalosporins note

if used prophylactically for surgery the medication must be administered within 60 minutes of the first skin incision. May impact coagulation - monitor closely in patients with anticoagulation therapy

Ciprofloxacin

Fluoroquinolone

Fluroquinolone se

tendonitis, tendon rupture, QT prolongation, peripheral neuropathy, low/high blood sugar, photosensitivity

Tetracyclines

Tetracycline, Doxycycline

Tetracyclines use

used in patients with acne, treats mycoplasma, chlamydia, rickettsia

Tetracyclines se

teeth discoloration, photosensitivity, GI upset, superinfections, renal/hepatic toxicity

Tetracyclines warning

do not take with dairy products, take on empty stomach, sit up for 30 mins after taking to avoid esophagitis

Erythomycin class

Macrolide

Erythomycin se

ototoxicity, n/v, confusion

Erythomycin admin

do not take with antacid, drink lots of fluid, no grapejuice

Gentamicin class

Aminoglycoside

Gentamicin se

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, dizziness, vertigo, muscle weakness

Gentamicin nursing assessment

monitor creatinine/BUN(renal function)

Vancomycin class

Glycopeptide

Vancomycin se

red man syndrome(hypotension, flushing, skin rash)

Vancomycin nursing assessments

slow infusion, check therapeutic levels(peak/trough), BUN/Creatinine(nephrotoxicity)

Macrobid, Macrodantin class

Nitrofuran

Macrobid, Macrodantin se

n/v, diarrhea, pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity

Macrobid, Macrodantin contradictions

renal insufficiency, ST/T wave changes

Macrobid, Macrodantin admin

Take with food

Macrobid, Macrodantin nursing assessment

check renal/liver function

Metronidazole class

Nitroimidazole

Metronidazole se

CNS/GI effects( seizures, peripheral neuropathy, confusion, HA, N/V, Diarrhea),

Metronidazole teaching

do not take with alcohol(causes ha,n/v, abd pain), may cause dark urine

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole brand

bactrim

bactrim class

sulfonamide

bactrim se

GI upset, hepatotoxicity, phototoxicity, hypersensitivity

bactrim nursing assessment/teaching

monitor K+ levels, wear sunscreen, assess BUN/creatinine, monitor for hypoglycemia, drink lots of fluids

amoxicillin class

beta-lactam, aminopenicillin

amoxicillin se

hypersensitivity

amoxicillin nursing assessments

monitor renal function(BUN/creatinine)

Erythomycin admin

do not take with antacid, drink lots of fluid